Why did Satoshi Nakamoto choose the hash collision algorithm to design the POW consensus? Because the hash collision algorithm is a completely self-referential structure that doesn’t rely on any third party (the block constructs its own hash and can verify itself). This self-referential construction technique was referred to by Nash as the ordinal definition of the Turing ordinal logic system. In other words: the advantage of POW over POS isn’t about energy consumption, but rather that POW’s self-referential structure doesn’t rely on any third party, whereas POS more or less depends on a defined staking alliance to arbitrate. POW uses a third-party-free self-referential structure for judgment, while POS relies on a predetermined vested interest group (staking) to act as the judge.