[Europol: Cryptocurrency Wallets Are Key Vulnerability Points for Quantum Attacks] Odaily Planet Daily News – The European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation (Europol) released two reports on Wednesday, urging organizations, policymakers, and the cryptocurrency industry to prepare immediately for the threats posed by quantum computing. Its European Cybercrime Centre highlighted that cryptocurrency wallet keys are the primary vulnerability points for quantum attacks, while the hash functions used to secure blockchains currently remain largely quantum-resistant. The report stated that sufficiently capable quantum computers could derive private keys from exposed public keys, allowing attackers to transfer assets without authorization. Wallets with public keys already exposed on-chain cannot be retroactively protected, and holders must migrate their assets to new wallets before an attack occurs. Glassnode estimated in May that 6.04 million bitcoins, accounting for 30.2% of the circulating supply, have exposed public keys. The report noted that the post-quantum signatures standardized by NIST are 10 to 120 times larger than the ECDSA signatures currently used by Bitcoin. Migrating all unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs) on Bitcoin would require a cumulative downtime of at least 76 days. Europol's second report pointed out that commonly used protocols such as TLS, SSH, and OpenPGP face "collect now, decrypt later" risks, though there is currently no clear evidence that this method has been exploited on a large scale. The report suggested that for payments, the brief window for real-time interception before transaction confirmation poses a more immediate quantum risk compared to post-event decryption. (Decrypt)