Vitalik posts on short-term and long-term plans for Ethereum expansion Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin posted on social media outlining his short-term and long-term plans for scaling Ethereum. In terms of short-term expansion, the upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade will introduce block level access lists for parallel verification and ePBS functionality. At the same time, a multidimensional Gas mechanism is introduced, with the addition of a "state creation Gas" dimension that does not count towards the approximately 16 million transaction Gas limit, allowing for the creation of larger contracts. EVM will maintain two invariants and handle multidimensional gas consumption through a "reserve pool" mechanism. In the long run, there will be a shift towards multidimensional pricing models. Long term expansion includes ZK-EVM and Blobs. Blobs will continue to iterate PeerDAS, aiming to achieve a data processing capacity of approximately 8 MB/s. In the future, Ethereum block data will directly enter Blobs. ZK-EVM will be promoted in stages: by 2026, there will be clients that allow validators to participate using ZK-EVM, but not enough to fully operate the network; In 2027, a larger proportion of networks will be recommended to run ZK-EVM, while focusing on formal verification and security improvements; When ready, it will turn to 3-of-5 mandatory proof, and the block needs to contain 3 out of 5 proofs from different proof systems to be valid. At that time, it is expected that all nodes (excluding index nodes) will rely on ZK-EVM proof.