Yesterday, the Gas Limit of the Ethereum mainnet was officially increased to 60M, which has doubled compared to the beginning of the year. And in the past four years, this number has been cautiously maintained at around 30M. What is the reason why Ethereum developers suddenly decided to push for L1 expansion so aggressively this year? I believe that the key behind this lies in a paradigm shift from cautious conservatism to empirical science driven scaling. In the past, Ethereum's concerns about increasing the Gas cap mainly focused on issues such as execution speed, block propagation delay, and node state inflation. Increasing gas means larger blocks and higher computational load, which may have once threatened network security and decentralization. The change occurred in 2024, when the Ethereum protocol layer tightened the worst-case block size through EIP-7623. Developers have increased the gas cost of calldata, allowing block size to be controlled in extreme situations, creating a safety margin for further increasing the gas limit. At the same time, Ethereum clients such as Nethermind, Erigon, Reth, etc. have also undergone a thorough round of performance optimization. Through benchmark testing, developers identified bottlenecks in pre compiled contracts such as ModExp and optimized gas repricing and algorithms using solutions such as EIP-7883. As a result, the execution speed of major clients can easily meet the block demand of 60M Gas. In addition, developers have conducted comprehensive stress tests on testing websites such as Sepolia and Hoodi, confirming that even under a load of 60M Gas, the block propagation speed can still meet the requirements of the consensus layer. The data shows that the vast majority of nodes were able to verify blocks in a timely manner within the 4-second consensus time limit of Ethereum, without any propagation delay issues. Looking ahead, Ethereum plans to further break through the 60M Gas limit and even challenge the target of 100M Gas. But to achieve this goal, it is still necessary to optimize high load encryption operations (such as elliptic curve calculations), control state inflation, and improve network propagation mechanisms. The significant increase in Gas Limit over the past year is the result of collaborative innovation in protocol rules, client performance, and comprehensive testing. This transformation not only marks an important step in the expansion of Ethereum L1, but also lays the foundation for larger scale expansion in the future. More technical details: https://substack.chainfeeds.xyz/p/60m-gas-limit