After Succinct SP1 successfully implemented real-time verification of Ethereum L1 blocks in May this year, Succinct spent six months optimizing the computing layer, GPU validators, actuators, and cluster orchestration to achieve miniaturization and lightweighting of ZK real-time verification. With only 16 NVIDIA 5090 graphics cards, real-time zero knowledge proof of Ethereum L1 blocks was achieved. That is to say, it only costs a few tens of thousands of dollars to build an Ethereum L1 block ZK real-time proof validator. The reduction of costs and barriers to entry means that more people can participate. The more verification nodes and the more dispersed they are, the higher the network's resistance to censorship and security will naturally be. Zero knowledge proof (ZK) is the direction and goal being promoted by the Ethereum Foundation. According to researcher Justin Drake, this can enable Ethereum to achieve "horizontal scaling", with processing speeds expected to increase to 10000 TPS, making it a truly high-throughput application on L1.