[Vitalik: ZK alone cannot provide anti-coercion properties; it needs to be combined with trusted parties, MPC, FHE, or TEE for enhanced use] ZCash research expert c-node posted on the X platform: 'MPC, tFHE, and TEEs can build privacy applications that ZK alone cannot achieve, but their privacy strength is relatively weaker. It is recommended to prioritize pure ZK for use cases such as payments, transfers, and voting.' Vitalik Buterin responded: 'ZK alone cannot provide anti-coercion properties. In scenarios like voting, it still needs to be combined with trusted parties, MPC, FHE, or TEE to achieve this feature. We can improve system security through layered architectures like ZK+FHE. Even if FHE is compromised, all privacy attributes except anti-coercion can still be retained. I suspect similar situations apply to almost all other cryptographic application scenarios beyond zero-knowledge proofs.'