How did Zhao Changpeng of Binance, who fled Shanghai, get pardoned by Trump?

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6 hours ago

A Decade of Memories and Industry Puzzles from an Old Coin Circle Veteran

Author: JayZhou

From the wild era of Beijing's Xierqi in 2014 to Trump's pardon in 2025, Zhao Changpeng's ten-year trajectory serves as a mirror reflecting the barbaric growth, regulatory storms, and power struggles within the coin circle. The details scattered throughout time have become keys to unraveling the "pardon puzzle."

First Encounter: The Vibrancy of Xierqi and the "Wild Era" of the Coin Circle

1 The "Trio" in the Yiquan Hui Office in Beijing

In 2010, I worked as a senior product operator for the open platform at Shanda Online, owned by Chen Tianqiao. At that time, Shanda Group had invested in hundreds of companies, including Moji Weather co-founded by Zhao Dong (【Character Profile】Zhao Dong: The Passive Lockup Behind Bars), and Douyin, where Xu Mingxing served as CTO. My job was to integrate the products invested by Shanda into our open platform. It was during this time, before I even knew about Bitcoin, that I met Xu Mingxing, who was responsible for connecting Douyin to the Shanda open platform. After I bought Bitcoin for the first time on November 22, 2013, I posted about it on WeChat (you can add my WeChat ID jaymeta), receiving hundreds of likes and comments.

In 2013, Zhao Changpeng met a venture capitalist through poker, which opened the door to the world of digital cryptocurrencies for him. As a relatively early believer in cryptocurrency, when he saw how virtual currencies could facilitate the rapid flow of money, he seemed to glimpse the future. After that, Zhao Changpeng joined the digital wallet provider blockchain.info, embarking on a grand voyage into the world of virtual currencies.

In 2014, blockchain was still a term that required a thirty-minute explanation. At the Yiquan Hui office building in Beijing's Xierqi, the sign read "OKCoin," which was the product of Beijing LeKuda Network Technology Co., Ltd. It later evolved into OKEX in 2017 after the "94 incident," and is now known as OKX.

That day, Xu Mingxing treated us, saying it was to "welcome the tech team." Pushing open the glass door, the twenty-square-meter office was crammed with over ten workstations, the sound of keyboards clattering in unison. Xu Mingxing, wearing a checkered shirt, approached and pointed to a man in the corner wearing black-rimmed glasses and a windbreaker, saying, "This is Zhao Changpeng, our new technical director, back from Canada, knowledgeable about blockchain."

He then pointed to a lady in a red dress: "He Yi, responsible for marketing, formerly a host on Travel Channel." Zhao Changpeng was not very talkative, holding a thermos cup, but suddenly opened up when discussing the matching logic of the Bitcoin trading system.

At that time, Zhao Changpeng had just left Blockchain.info, giving up a high salary in Silicon Valley to come to Beijing for a monthly salary of tens of thousands; He Yi had just left CCTV, abandoning a stable position to dive into the "virtual currency" field that few believed in; Xu Mingxing had even bet all his wealth on Bitcoin trading, with his quilt still piled on a military bed in the office.

He mentioned that OKCoin's system throughput was insufficient and was pondering how to optimize the code, saying, "Once we sort this out, our user base could triple." He Yi chimed in, joking that they should make a popular science short film on "What is Bitcoin?" so that "grandpas and grandmas can understand." That day's lunch was donkey meat buns from downstairs, and Xu Mingxing insisted on paying, saying, "The company has just turned a profit, we need to save money."

Later, I learned that the coin circle in 2014 was "wild yet pure." Everyone gathered simply because they "felt this thing had potential."

2 The "Initial Form" of the Jianghu in Small Salons

From 2013 to 2016, activities in the coin circle were mostly "ten-person level" small salons, held either in free meeting rooms of incubators or in the corners of garage cafes. I accompanied Xu Mingxing to a few of these, and almost every time I would see Zhao Changpeng, He Yi, Li Lin, Du Jun, and Bao Er Ye, who would later become "big shots."

The most memorable was a salon in the winter of 2014, held on Entrepreneur Street in Zhongguancun, with the theme "The Development Trend of Bitcoin." Li Lin brought along the technical backbone of Huobi, holding a sample of a mining machine chip; he was handing out business cards everywhere with a backpack on his back; He Yi was the most active, joking, "Though there are few people now, when the coin circle takes off, we’ll hold a conference for ten thousand people." At that time, Zhao Changpeng had not yet revealed his "heroic" qualities and seemed more like an engineer obsessed with technology.

After one salon, he talked to me about his views on the industry, saying, "The biggest problems now are compliance and technology. Once we solve these two, blockchain can truly take off." No one expected that ten years later, it would be the word "compliance" that would lead him to experience imprisonment and then regain freedom due to a political struggle.

In the WeChat chat records from those years, there are still occasional shares from him: the "Chinese version of the Ethereum white paper" forwarded in 2015, a reminder in 2016 to "pay attention to security vulnerabilities in exchanges," and in early 2017, he said, "I’m preparing to do something myself, let’s chat in Shanghai if there’s an opportunity." Looking back now, I realize the foreshadowing of fate had already been laid.

Rise: The "Binance Speed" at Shanghai SOHO and the Night Before Going Overseas

1 I Recommended Candidates to Zhao Changpeng at the Startup Binance in SOHO Fuxing Plaza

2017 was the "explosion year" for the coin circle and also the "turning point" in Zhao Changpeng's life. That year, he left OKCoin to found Binance, building the initial team at Shanghai SOHO Fuxing Plaza, and hurriedly took the team overseas after the "94 incident." I was fortunate to witness this history of "lightning rise and lightning migration," where the details in the office held the codes to Binance's later fate.

On August 2, Binance Coin (BNB) was priced at 0.8 yuan each. I arranged to meet Zhao Changpeng for the first time at the newly established Binance office. The address was in Shanghai SOHO Fuxing Plaza, right above Xiaohongshu. The office was small, with dozens of people crammed into workstations, and Zhao Changpeng's desk was in the corner, next to a few boxes of bottled water. At that time, He Yi had not yet joined Binance; he told me, "I’ve been busy with Binance's globalization lately, many people are reaching out for collaboration through events"—Binance had just launched, and offline events had become their main way to "quickly link resources." He even asked if I was interested in joining Binance. As someone who had been in the circle since 2013, I was definitely very interested, but our P2P platform was busy with a three-year anniversary event. I told Changpeng that once I finished this busy period, I would help him out, but in the meantime, I could assist him with any issues.

Since I started writing blogs in college, I got to know many big shots in internet companies, and many people sought my help to get jobs in these companies. I joined Alibaba Group right after graduating, where I recommended over 100 people internally. I also helped many people get into early coin circle companies. At that time, I had built a resume database of about a million people, and later worked as a CEO assistant at Kanjun.com & BOSS Zhipin, responsible for some product operations, marketing, strategy, and other business areas, continuously deepening my work in the internet human resources recruitment field. On August 24, 2017, I recommended my first friend's resume to Zhao Changpeng, at that time Binance only had three product managers.

I recommended Binance to my friend, who thought the company's business was good but risky. I encouraged the candidate to be more proactive, as such reliable startups were rare. At that time, Zhao Changpeng invited me to dinner, but I was particularly busy with company matters, so we agreed I would visit after I finished up, and I first recommended other friends to help out.

In 2017, I left a strong impression as a reliable "part-time headhunter," having supplied a large number of talents to major internet companies. That day, Changpeng and I talked for two hours, his eyes full of excitement. He said Binance aimed to be "the fastest exchange globally," having already integrated over ten cryptocurrencies, and that their fees would be half of those of Huobi and OK.

"Every day, people are reaching out to discuss collaboration; there are people sleeping on the office sofa every day," he pointed to a pile of sleeping bags in the corner. I noticed the notebook on his desk filled with compliance issues: "How to respond to regulations in different countries?" "How to build an anti-money laundering system?" Looking back, these issues, which seemed overshadowed by "expansion speed" at the time, would later become hidden dangers.

As I was leaving, he said, "Shanghai is a treasure land, with plenty of talent, especially people like you. We welcome you to recommend more talents to join Binance, and we also welcome you to join Binance quickly, as we are particularly short of operational talents like you!" After we finished our P2P company's third anniversary event, I didn't expect the "94 incident" to come!

2 The Wanxiang Conference and the Decision to Go Overseas Amid the "94" Storm

On September 4, 2017, the central bank and seven ministries issued a notice on "Preventing Risks of Token Issuance Financing," completely halting ICOs and virtual currency trading, plunging the coin circle into panic. My WeChat feed was filled with news of "exchanges shutting down" and "currency prices crashing." I quickly messaged Zhao Changpeng, and he replied, "Don't panic, wait for my news, see you at the Wanxiang Conference in October."

The Wanxiang Blockchain Conference in Shanghai after the "94 incident" became a "safe haven" for the industry. I entered with a media pass and ran into Zhao Changpeng and He Yi at the entrance. He was wearing a black coat, looking much more serious than before, saying, "We are looking for overseas office locations; the policies in Japan are relatively friendly."

At that conference, Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin was present, discussing "the importance of compliance in blockchain development." I asked some exchange founders about their plans to "withdraw domestic users and shift overseas," and Zhao Changpeng revealed, "The Binance team will fly to Japan next week to rent an office in Tokyo as a transition." He Yi added, "We'll leave a few people in the Shanghai office to wrap things up; some equipment will have to be sold at a low price, which is a pity."

In October, Zhao Changpeng and He Yi quickly arrived in Tokyo, standing in front of the new office window with the caption "Starting over." Looking at that photo, I recalled the folding bed in the SOHO Fuxing Plaza office and suddenly had a premonition: this team that had left Shanghai would stir the global crypto market in the future, but they might also face greater storms.

No one expected that this "going overseas" was just the beginning of Zhao Changpeng's global migration. From Japan to Malta to Dubai, Binance's headquarters changed one after another, yet the "compliance" sword hanging over their heads remained unresolved.

Decline: $4.3 Billion Fine and Four Months in Prison

1 Regulatory Storm: 18 Months from Indictment to Plea

Zhao Changpeng's legal troubles began in March 2023. At that time, the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) sued Binance and Zhao Changpeng, accusing them of "operating an unregistered exchange and violating trading rules." In June, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) followed with 13 charges, including "providing false trading supervision statements and selling unregistered securities."

When the news broke, I was attending an event in Hong Kong, and people in the crypto circle were discussing "whether Binance would go bankrupt." A lawyer friend familiar with U.S. regulations told me, "This time they are serious; the U.S. Department of Justice has long been focused on Binance's anti-money laundering issues." Sure enough, in November 2023, Zhao Changpeng admitted in a Seattle court to "failing to maintain an effective anti-money laundering program" and resigned as CEO of Binance; Binance admitted to "participating in money laundering, unlicensed remittances, and violating sanctions," agreeing to pay a massive fine of $4.32 billion—of which $2.51 billion was forfeited, and $1.81 billion was a criminal fine.

The $4.3 billion fine set a record in the crypto industry. I recalled Xu Mingxing saying "to save money" in the Xierqi office in 2014, and looking at the current fine amount, I couldn't help but reflect on the industry's changes. An old OG in the WeChat group said, "Back then, Binance captured the market with low fees, and now they are paying for the speed of their expansion with their anti-money laundering system lagging behind."

After pleading guilty, Zhao Changpeng wrote an apology letter stating that "he should have focused on compliance issues from the beginning and is willing to take full responsibility." But it was too late for regrets. On April 30, 2024, a federal court in Seattle sentenced him to four months in prison, which, although far less than the three years sought by prosecutors, made him "the only founder in U.S. history to be imprisoned solely for violations of the Bank Secrecy Act."

2 Time in Prison and Dubai's "Timely Assistance"

From April to September 2024, Zhao Changpeng served his sentence in Lompoc Prison in California. During that time, discussions in the crypto circle shifted from "Will he be sentenced again?" to "Can Binance survive?" Just when everyone thought Binance was on the verge of decline, in March 2025, a shocking piece of news hit the industry: UAE-based AI investment firm MGX invested $2 billion in Binance, marking not only Binance's first institutional investment but also the largest single investment in crypto history.

MGX is not an ordinary investment firm; it is backed by the Abu Dhabi sovereign fund and serves as a core platform for the UAE's AI and blockchain initiatives. This investment was made in stablecoins, granting MGX minority equity in Binance, with market speculation placing Binance's valuation between $20 billion and $40 billion—though far below the rumored $200 billion in 2021, it was enough to help Binance weather the storm.

Friends close to Binance revealed that this investment was personally negotiated by Zhao Changpeng after his release. On September 27, 2024, Zhao Changpeng was released early due to the release date coinciding with the weekend, and his first stop after prison was Dubai, where he met with MGX's leadership. Dubai's willingness to provide "timely assistance" was partly due to its recognition of the development potential of blockchain and its desire to build a "global crypto center"; on the other hand, Binance's user base and technical capabilities remained intact, and the $2 billion investment could help Dubai quickly seize a leading position in the industry.

After his release, everyone understood that as long as the "criminal record" in the U.S. remained, he could not truly return, and Binance would struggle to re-enter the U.S. market. At this time, another key figure—Trump—entered the crypto circle's view.

Reversal: Trump's Pardon and the Underlying Interests

1 Behind the Pardon: Trump's "Crypto Card"

On October 23, 2025, when Trump announced "the pardon of Zhao Changpeng" in front of the media, I was at the main forum of the Shanghai Wanxiang Blockchain Conference. The old OGs around me erupted in excitement, with some pulling out their phones to check the news and others exclaiming, "This plot is more thrilling than a movie." What seemed like a sudden pardon was, in fact, a complex chess game interwoven with political calculations, commercial interests, and industry struggles.

Trump's pardon of Zhao Changpeng was primarily aimed at solidifying his image as a "friend of cryptocurrency." Since taking office, he had been rolling back the Biden administration's enforcement actions against the crypto industry: pardoning Silk Road founder Ross Ulbricht, pardoning several founders of BitMEX, and now extending the same to Zhao Changpeng, continuing his policy trajectory.

White House spokesperson Levitt stated that Zhao Changpeng was a victim of the Biden administration's "war on cryptocurrency," and Trump's pardon was an "exercise of constitutional power." This statement was clear to anyone with insight, essentially reflecting the policy struggle between the two U.S. political parties regarding the crypto industry.

Trump aimed to gain the support of young voters and tech capital by backing the crypto industry, and pardoning a "symbolic figure in the industry" like Zhao Changpeng was undoubtedly the most direct expression of this. However, more crucially, it involved the entanglement of commercial interests. According to the Wall Street Journal, Binance had begun engaging with Trump's allies around the 2024 U.S. election, forming a dedicated task force to explore the possibilities of "returning to the U.S. market" and "securing a pardon for Zhao Changpeng."

The breakthrough came from the Trump family's cryptocurrency company, "World Liberty Financial Inc. (WLFI)." Binance not only assisted WLFI in launching a stablecoin, which could generate tens of millions of dollars in annual revenue for the Trump family, but also discussed investing in WLFI in exchange for a pardon for Zhao Changpeng. This maneuver was not without precedent: Tron founder Justin Sun had previously invested $30 million in WLFI, after which the SEC paused its fraud lawsuit against him.

Although Zhao Changpeng denied "trading for a pardon," the market generally believed that the logic of "commercial cooperation for political endorsement" had already been established. Trump himself acknowledged that the pardon was "at the request of many influential people," but emphasized that he had "never met Zhao Changpeng." This statement seemed more like a "political rhetoric," distancing himself from direct involvement while achieving the goal of courting the crypto industry.

2 Barron Trump to Lead Binance U.S.? Ambitions Behind the Rumors

After the pardon news broke, another explosive rumor began to circulate: Trump's youngest son, Barron Trump, might take the helm of Binance U.S. Although neither Binance nor the Trump family responded directly, this rumor was not unfounded.

Insiders revealed that Binance had long wanted to return to the U.S. market, but the 2023 plea agreement had tarnished its reputation in the U.S., making it difficult to find partners. Collaborating with the Trump family was undoubtedly the "best stepping stone." If Barron were to join Binance U.S., it could leverage the Trump family's influence to improve Binance's public image and also utilize the Trump administration's policy tilt to quickly obtain compliance licenses.

For the Trump family, this would also be a lucrative business opportunity. With the rise of the crypto industry globally, investing in a leading platform like Binance U.S. would allow them to directly participate in market profit distribution. Analysts suggest that if Binance U.S. could restart, its valuation could reach several billion dollars, and even if the Trump family only held a minority stake, they could reap substantial returns.

Notably, Barron Trump has shown a keen interest in technology and cryptocurrency, publicly expressing optimism about blockchain technology multiple times in recent years. If he were to indeed take the lead at Binance U.S., it would not only help him accumulate business experience but also add an important piece to the Trump family's "political business landscape." Although the rumors have yet to be confirmed, from an industry logic perspective, the possibility of this "strong alliance" is quite high.

3 Industry Shockwaves: The Chain Reaction After the Pardon

The news of Zhao Changpeng's pardon instantly triggered a chain reaction in the crypto market. The price of BNB surged that day, reaching an all-time high, and Binance's platform trading volume increased by 30%. More importantly, this could allow Binance to end its three-year external monitoring early—the 2023 plea agreement required Binance to undergo independent compliance monitoring, and the pardon might lead to the withdrawal of this requirement.

For the global crypto industry, this pardon sent a clear signal: U.S. regulation of the crypto industry is loosening. A friend from a compliance agency told me, "There will definitely be more crypto companies applying to enter the U.S. market; the Trump administration wants to make the U.S. the 'crypto capital of the world,' which is good for the industry but may also bring new risks."

However, skepticism also exists. Democrats have demanded that the Trump administration provide detailed explanations regarding its interactions with Binance, claiming that this "intertwining of business relationships and political pardons" raises serious ethical concerns. Some have even bluntly stated that this is "blatant power-for-money trading," which could undermine the integrity of the U.S. judicial system.

At a dinner among old OGs in the crypto circle, opinions were more rational. Some said, "The pardon solved Zhao Changpeng's personal issues, but Binance's path to compliance is still long." Others lamented, "Binance, which left Shanghai, now has to rely on U.S. political power to turn things around; it's truly unpredictable."

Echoes: The Legend of Shanghai and the Future of the Industry

1 Shanghai: The "Origin Place" of Blockchain

On October 23, 2025, the Shanghai Wanxiang Blockchain Conference was still bustling with activity. On the main stage, Dr. Xiao Feng delivered an impassioned speech. Young entrepreneurs shared application cases of "AI + blockchain"; in the exhibition area, newly established project teams were busy handing out flyers; during a coffee break, I encountered some newcomers in the industry who saw me wearing a BINANCE shirt and asked if I was a Binance employee. I replied that I wasn't, but my connections with them were intricate; they had heard I knew Zhao Changpeng and surrounded me, asking, "Was his office in Shanghai really that simple back then?"

Looking at these fresh faces, I suddenly realized that the crypto circle is no longer the small group of "a dozen people in a salon" it once was. But those old stories and places still circulate in the community, especially the Shanghai SOHO Fuxing Plaza from July to October 2017, where the Binance dream began.

Today, Shanghai has become the city with the most open blockchain policies in the country. The tech industrial park has launched a series of policies such as "enterprise subsidies" and "talent settlement," and by 2024, Shanghai's blockchain-related industries are thriving. The annual Wanxiang Blockchain Conference has become a "barometer" for the domestic blockchain industry.

But the old OGs know that the most precious thing is those "historical imprints." The OKCoin office in Xierqi, Beijing, has long moved out, but the security guard at the Yiquan Hui office building can still recount, "There was a bespectacled Canadian technician who worked overtime every day back then"; the old Binance office in Shanghai SOHO Fuxing Plaza is now rented to an internet company, but the coffee shop owner downstairs still remembers "a group of young people rushing in with laptops to order takeout"; at the Wanxiang Blockchain Conference venue, you can still find photos from Vitalik's speech in 2017.

During the conference, I made a special trip to SOHO Fuxing Plaza, standing at the elevator entrance on the 15th floor, as if I could still hear He Yi shouting "Keep it up" and see Zhao Changpeng resting on a folding bed. The security guard nearby, upon hearing that I was looking for "the old Binance office," smiled and said, "People often come to ask; I heard that company is doing very well abroad now?" I nodded, but my heart was filled with mixed emotions.

Shanghai's inclusiveness and openness nurtured the initial form of Binance; the baptism of the "94" storm forced Binance to go overseas. Today, Shanghai continues to support blockchain development, and Binance has also established a foothold abroad, but that "Shanghai version of Binance" forever remains in the autumn of 2017.

2 The Jianghu of the Elders and the Era of the Newcomers

At the dinner table, after discussing Zhao Changpeng, the old OGs naturally turned the conversation to figures like Xu Mingxing, He Yi, Li Lin, Du Jun, and Bao Er Ye. Some said that Xu Mingxing's OKX is now focused on compliance; others said He Yi is indeed a diligent "customer service"; some mentioned that Li Lin's Huobi has been consistent; and others talked about Zhao Dong.

These people who once nibbled on donkey meat buns in the garage café have now become "seniors" in the industry. Their stories are, in fact, a microcosm of the past decade in the crypto circle: from grassroots growth to compliant development, from domestic layout to global expansion, from technological obsession to commercial maturity.

Meanwhile, the young people around me are focused on "MEME," "decentralized DEX," "regulatory sandbox policy opportunities," and "RWA." They have never seen the shabby office in Xierqi, nor experienced the panic of "94," yet they enter this industry with more professional knowledge and clearer plans. Just like this year's Shanghai Wanxiang Blockchain Conference, 90% of the attendees are under 30, and the topics they discuss have far surpassed the old question of "What is Bitcoin?"

A newcomer in the industry told me, "Zhao Changpeng's story is legendary; when we work on projects, compliance is our first consideration, and we won't follow the old path." I felt a deep sense of emotion: the elders paved the way with their lessons, and the newcomers are steadily moving forward on this path; perhaps this is the inevitability of industry development.

3 The Future: The Balance Between Compliance and Innovation

Zhao Changpeng's pardon, while resolving his personal legal issues, also left deeper reflections for the industry: how should blockchain development balance innovation and compliance?

Binance's experience has already provided an answer: early rapid expansion can indeed capture the market, but neglecting compliance will ultimately come at a heavy price. The $4.3 billion fine and four months in prison are lessons that should awaken all crypto enterprises. Today, with the $2 billion investment from MGX, Binance is fully promoting compliance construction and is said to have obtained licenses in more than ten countries worldwide.

Shanghai's development path may serve as another reference: through clear policy guidance and a sound industrial ecosystem, allowing blockchain technology to innovate within a compliant framework. From supply chain finance to digital governance, from copyright protection to agricultural traceability, Shanghai's blockchain applications have long transcended the realm of "virtual currency," moving towards RWA and other real economies.

On October 24, 2025, Zhao Changpeng posted on X platform: "Thank you, President Trump; we will help the U.S. become the 'crypto capital of the world.'" Meanwhile, on the last day of the Wanxiang Blockchain Conference in Shanghai, a roundtable forum on "Compliance and Innovation" was packed.

On one side is the "political turnaround" of the world's largest exchange, and on the other is the "steady progress" of domestic blockchain; these two paths seem different but point in the same direction: only compliant innovation can lead to long-term success.

Conclusion: The Jianghu is Not Far, and Legends Live On

Although Binance's headquarters is not in Shanghai, its connection to the city has never truly been severed.

Reflecting on these ten years, from the donkey meat buns in Xierqi, Beijing, to the pizza café in Shanghai, from the folding bed in SOHO Fuxing Plaza to the sovereign fund investment in Dubai, from the courtroom plea to Trump's pardon, Zhao Changpeng's story resembles an "epic" of the crypto circle. And those elders who lived through the same era, those old places that witnessed it all, have become the "living fossils" of the industry.

Some say the crypto circle is a "forgetful" place, where new projects and hot topics emerge daily, and old stories are quickly forgotten. But I don't think so. Just like that office in Shanghai SOHO Fuxing Plaza, like those familiar faces at the Wanxiang Conference, like the dinner among old OGs after Zhao Changpeng's pardon, these details have long been etched into the industry's DNA.

In the future, there will be more "Zhao Changpengs" and more "Binance stories," but the Binance dream born in that summer of 2017 in Shanghai, along with the memories of original intention, expansion, setbacks, and rebirth, will never be erased. Because it is not only the starting point of a company but also a youthful imprint of an industry.

The Jianghu is not far, and legends live on. If you are a newcomer in the #web3# crypto circle #blockchain, you must study some of the previous history, for this circle has never been smooth sailing. But as long as you uphold the bottom line of compliance and maintain the original intention of innovation, you will surely see the light. Just as Zhao Changpeng said back in SOHO Fuxing Plaza: "Shanghai will always be the starting point for Binance."

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