Author: Hart Lambur

Translation: Deep Tide TechFlow

Conclusion

For ordinary L2 to L2 transfers, @AcrossProtocol is clearly the fastest and cheapest cross-chain bridge. For ordinary ETH to L2 transfers, Across is much faster and cheaper than Stargate's fast bridge, and Across's slow bridge is basically on par in terms of cost (but 20 times faster). For ordinary L2 to ETH transfers, Across is much faster and cheaper than Stargate's fast option, although slightly more expensive than Stargate's slow option, but Across is 100 times faster.

Analysis

In the past few days, @PrimoridalAA accused me of cherry-picking favorable data when comparing our cross-chain bridges. I believe the best response to this is to develop a method to explain the meaning of "cheaper" and then see who wins.

My method is: For ordinary bridge transactions, which bridge is the cheapest? Due to the significant differences in transaction volume and fees for L2 to L2, ETH to L2, and L2 to ETH transactions, I will examine these cases separately. For the selection of L2, I suggest we look at the three largest: Arbitrum (Arb), Base, and Optimism (OP).

Here is the 30-day rolling average of L2 to L2 bridge transaction volume, measured using Across and Stargate data:

The average transaction volume for the two types of L2 to L2 bridges is approximately $55 or about 0.015 ETH. (Note that the average volume is trending downward; we will discuss this in detail later).

So, which bridge is cheaper for moving 0.015 ETH between L2s? This should answer "which bridge is cheaper for ordinary bridge transactions between L2s."

The answer is: Regardless of which L2 you transfer 0.015 ETH to, Across is cheaper and faster than Stargate.

I just transferred 0.015 ETH from Base to OP. The results are as follows:

Across took 4 seconds, costing 1.1 cents.

Stargate "fast" took 50 seconds, costing 5.6 cents.

Stargate "cheap" took 1 minute 2 seconds, costing 3.0 cents.

I'm sure I will be accused of cherry-picking Base to OP, but to be honest, just check any route for 0.015 ETH, and it's clear that Across is significantly cheaper and definitely faster in any L2 to L2 scenario! There is no doubt about this.

Conclusion: Across is clearly the fastest and cheapest cross-chain bridge for ordinary L2 to L2 transactions.

Next, let's look at the data for ETH to L2.

Here is the 30-day rolling average of ETH to L2 transaction volume for the three largest L2s, measured using Across and Stargate data:

The average transaction volume for ETH to [Arb, Base, OP] is approximately $100 with Across and approximately $400 with Stargate. Let's take the average as $250, or ~0.06 ETH.

Now let's transfer 0.06 ETH from ETH to OP.

Results:

Across took 28 seconds, costing 2.6 cents.

Stargate "fast" took 4 minutes, costing 5.5 cents.

Stargate "cheap" took 9 minutes 40 seconds, costing 2.2 cents.

Across is much cheaper and faster than Stargate's fast option.

Compared to Across's cheap option at 2.6 cents, Stargate is at 2.2 cents, but Across takes 28 seconds while Stargate takes 9 minutes 40 seconds.

Whether the cost difference is worth the speed difference, I will leave it to the market to decide. Similarly, you can try it out for yourself.

Finally, let's look at the data for L2 to ETH.

Here is the 30-day rolling average of L2 to ETH transaction volume for the three largest L2s, measured using Across and Stargate data:

The average transaction volume for Across to ETH [Arb, Base, OP] is ~$700, and for Stargate, it is ~$200. Let's take the average as $450, or ~0.06 ETH.

Now let's transfer 0.06 ETH from ETH to OP. Results:

Across took 4 seconds, costing $5.41.

Stargate "fast" took 2 minutes 12 seconds, costing $16.80.

Stargate "cheap" took 6 minutes 34 seconds, costing $4.41.

Again, Across dominates Stargate's fast option in both speed and cost.

Stargate's slow option is slightly cheaper, but it takes 6 minutes 34 seconds, while Across only takes 4 seconds.

Where will the battle of cross-chain bridges lead?

I personally believe that as the next billion people enter the cryptocurrency space, they will (1) almost exclusively use L2 (or alt-L1), and (2) transaction volumes will continue to shrink. Across is already the cheapest and fastest bridge for L2 transfers, and as transfer volumes decrease, Across's intent-based architecture will continue to dominate.

Stargate's "slow" option can save some costs when transacting with the Ethereum mainnet, but the compromise in speed is very apparent. I believe whether it is worth sacrificing speed for marginal cost savings should be decided by the market.

In any case, users are the ultimate winners in this "battle of cross-chain bridges," and I believe crypto Twitter users are at least slightly interested in the debate between me and my brother Bryan.

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