Written by: WILLIAM M. PEASTER

Translated by: Deep Tide TechFlow

When it comes to moving NFTs from one chain to another, there isn't actually a "right way" to do it. So far, we've seen various different methods, each with its own trade-offs.

For me, the first method that comes to mind is equivalent bridging, like moving an NFT from Ethereum to a protocol-level equivalent of Ethereum on a different chain, such as the Optimism layer 2 scaling solution.

Indeed, following earlier Bedrock upgrades this year, Optimism has nearly achieved performance parity with Ethereum, so if you bridge an NFT from Ethereum to Optimism, it's like bridging an NFT from Ethereum to Ethereum.

Quix Market has previously offered NFT bridging like this, but it may now just be a theoretical example—it didn't work the last time I tried.

Indeed, in the NFT ecosystem, we haven't seen too much equivalent bridging yet. However, a more common approach is to use the more primitive but also quite practical "burn and mint" for migrating entire collections.

The so-called "burn and mint" refers to a collection holder being able to burn their NFT on one chain and then receive an officially sanctioned re-mint on the new chain. It's often referred to as a "bridging" experience. An example is y00ts, which has used this method twice to migrate from Solana to Polygon, and then from Polygon to Ethereum.

Another method that has recently gained popularity is the "lock and mint" promoted by the interoperability protocol LayerZero for cross-chain NFTs. You may have seen this method in Lil Pudgys Bridge, which supports transfers to Arbitrum, BNB Chain, and Polygon.

The way this architecture works is that LayerZero provides a smart contract system that can transform regular NFTs into ONFTs (omni-chain NFTs), which you can then deploy on chains supported by LayerZero.

Then, to achieve cross-chain transfers, ONFTs are locked on the source chain and minted on the target chain; to achieve the return trip, ONFTs are locked on the new source chain, and the original NFTs are unlocked on the original source chain.

However, LayerZero is just an interoperability protocol. One project that is evidently supporting both LayerZero and other messaging protocols is Holograph.

Specifically, Holograph has created a new primitive called "Holographic Assets," one instance of which is hNFTs, which allow you to mint NFTs that maintain the same contract address and token ID across all EVM environments, enabling seamless transfer across different blockchains.

Holograph is working hard to standardize hNFTs for tokenizing real-world assets, "separating the asset layer from the blockchain layer."

However, in terms of other messaging protocols, another one showing huge potential is Chainlink's new Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol (CCIP). Of course, the CCIP system aims to do more than just support cross-chain NFTs; it can excel in a range of use cases such as cross-chain gaming, cross-chain NFTfi, and generic NFTs. The DeFi project Affine is specifically leveraging the system to support its Affine Pass NFTs.

So, despite efforts like CCIP aiming to provide a way for everything to be cross-chain compatible, on the other hand, some projects are building custom cross-chain solutions for their specific needs.

In this regard, I think of the on-chain RPG Pirate Nation, as it has developed a custom "mirroring" system that facilitates "L1 trading/L2 gaming": the original founder pirate NFTs remain on Ethereum, while their mirrors support gas-free gaming on Arbitrum Nova.

This concept brings us back to the scenario of having NFTs on one chain and being able to "use" them on another chain without the need for cross-chain movement. This practicality is made possible by services like UMA's Optimistic Oracle, which can consider NFTs on one chain while executing corresponding actions on another chain.

Clearly, when it comes to NFTs, the boundaries between different blockchains are gradually blurring, and various cross-chain efforts are starting to emerge. In the short term, this field will face various challenges and obstacles, but it will also bring forth new possibilities, innovations, and experiences.

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