Author: defioasis

This issue is edited by: Colin Wu

Note: This article is for information sharing only, not an endorsement of any project, and is not associated with any project mentioned.

In August, the number of active multi-chain smart contract wallet accounts (ERC-4337) reached 443,600, continuing to set new historical highs. Among them, Arbitrum reached 213,100, Optimism reached 153,500, Polygon reached 49,700, and Base reached 22,900. In August, the cumulative number of UserOps for multi-chain smart contract wallet accounts exceeded 840,000 successful transactions, a month-on-month increase of 45.6%. Unlike the 96% concentration on Polygon in July, in August, UserOps blossomed on multiple chains such as Optimism, Arbitrum, Polygon, Avalanche, and Base. Multi-chain Paymasters represented users in paying over $360,000 in UserOp gas fees, a 742% increase compared to the previous month.

Smart contract wallets were first introduced by Argent, and the account abstraction ERC-4337 officially established the branch of smart contract wallets. Unlike the EOA addresses generated by general wallets, Argent deploys a smart contract to represent the user's address. Users can generate/recover Argent private keys through social means to sign transactions, and then send them to the Argent relayer for submission using the private key. However, the Argent relayer is actually still an EOA address, which uses the signed transaction to call the smart contract wallet. The account abstraction ERC-4337 then makes a deeper split in the relayer structure, theoretically allowing anyone to create their own verification structure, thereby enabling functions such as transaction bundling (bundler) and Gas payment (Paymasters).

As of September 7th, the number of multi-chain smart contract wallet accounts has exceeded 778,000, with a cumulative execution of over 1.6 million transactions, of which the number of Polygon smart accounts reached 372,000, accounting for 47.7%; Base reached 235,000, Arbitrum reached 215,000, and Optimism reached 163,000. This article will take stock of the most widely used smart contract wallets on multiple chains.

ZeroDevKernel

ZeroDev Kernel is the most widely deployed smart contract wallet on the current major EVM networks, with over 580,000 accounts deployed on multiple chains. Users can use ZeroDev to create custodial and non-custodial smart contract wallets, or convert EOA wallets into smart contract wallets on Wallet as a Service (WaaS) providers. ZeroDev features gas sponsorship, transaction batch processing, session keys, social recovery, automatic trading, and multi-signature capabilities. In addition, ZeroDev allows developers to build DIY smart contract wallet plugins to extend wallet functionality.

ZeroDev Kernel is one of the 18 selected projects for the first Ethereum Foundation Account Abstraction Grant (AA Grant). Kernel has been open-sourced, completed the Kalos (formerly Haechi Audit) audit, and has committed to completing audits for all developed plugins before they are listed.

Biconomy

Biconomy provides a modular SDK and introduces the Smart Contract Wallet (SCW) as an essential part of the system, specifically designed for ERC-4337 account abstraction to build a comprehensive software development kit for dApps socialization. Smart accounts using Biconomy SDK have been deployed on multiple chains, with over 40,000 deployed, but mainly concentrated on Polygon. The Biconomy SDK brings a Web2-like experience to dApps in a non-custodial form. Currently implemented features include social account login, creation and recovery of entry experience in dApps; Fiat On Ramp for buying or selling cryptocurrencies in dApps; users pay no gas fees, sponsors pay for user interactions on their behalf; payment of gas fees with any ERC-20 token; custom transaction bundling, allowing users to perform multiple operations in a single transaction, even across multiple chains.

Biconomy completed a total of $10.5 million in financing in 2021, with investors including Coinbase Ventures, Binance Labs, Fenbushi Capital, and Huobi Ventures, and has issued the BICO Token, with a market value of approximately $138 million. Biconomy has completed audits of smart accounts and Paymasters by Kawach io and Zellic.

CyberAccount

CyberAccount is a smart contract wallet launched by the decentralized social network CyberConnect. Due to its association with CYBER airdrop acquisition, CyberAccount brought significant traffic to the deployment of smart contract wallet accounts on the Polygon and Optimism networks at the end of July and early August. CyberAccount adopts the Zerodev architecture and has deployed over 490,000 smart contract wallet accounts. CYBER will be used for CyberAccount price measurement and gas payment. CyberAccount includes four key components: responsible for defining user identity verification and authorization on the CyberConnect protocol; compatible with ERC-4337, has cooperated with StackUp and Pimlico to deploy internal bundling and payment solutions; complementary to CyberID, part of the CyberID registration fee will be refunded to CyberAccount in the form of gas points; organizational accounts, providing advanced account management functions such as multi-signature and customizable access control rules.

CyberConnect completed a total of $30.4 million in financing (including public sales) from 2021 to 2023, with investors including Animoca Brands, IOSG, Delphi Digital, and Protocol Labs, and has issued the CYBER Token, with a market value of approximately $66 million. CyberAccount has open-sourced its code.

AlchemyAccountFactory

Alchemy is a Web3 development platform that helps developers build and expand dApps, providing various APIs such as Bundler and Gas Manager to help developers build smart account wallets that comply with the ERC-4337 standard. The smart account Account Factory (0x94…6454) deployed using Alchemy API is close to 250,000, with 237,000 on Arbitrum, making it the largest Arbitrum smart contract wallet deployer.

Alchemy completed a total of $545 million in financing from 2019 to 2022, with investors including Coinbase Ventures, a16z, Pantera Capital, and Redpoint Ventures.

EchoooWallet

Echooo is a smart contract wallet supported by ERC-4337, combining MPC and AI, with features such as small screen optimization for mobile users, gas optimization, and MPC-protected EOA+smart contract account Vault hybrid. In collaboration with zkSync, Echooo Wallet has become the largest smart contract wallet on the zkSync Era, with over 10,000 smart accounts deployed on zkSync. Additionally, there are over 7,300 smart accounts deployed on Polygon, with multi-chain gas fee payments exceeding $13,000.

In July of this year, Echooo Wallet completed a $15 million financing round, with investors including Skyview Capital and A&T Capital. Echooo has completed an audit by Coinspect.

Other smart contract wallets that have received grants from the Ethereum Foundation (most of which are not yet finished or in closed testing, in the early stages of development):

MynaWallet

MynaWallet focuses on the Japanese domestic market, allowing users to integrate their personal identity card, Myna Card, issued by the Japanese government, into a smart account. Through Myna Card, Japanese users will be able to seamlessly make cryptocurrency payments on MynaWallet.

QRSeal

QR Seal is a multi-signature wallet with privacy protection and gas optimization implemented through account abstraction and Schnorr signatures. With QR Seal, all signatures are done off-chain, currently personally through scanning QR codes between devices. Once everyone has signed the transaction, it is broadcast on-chain.

IoTeX-based ZKP Account Abstraction Wallet

A ZKP-based account abstraction wallet created by two senior researchers from the IoTeX team, including wallet operations through Web2 identity verification, social recovery using Web2 social media status, and using mainstream Web2 payment channels as the initialization operation for zero-balance wallets.

Tokensight

An open-source WebAuthn wallet that implements gas cost optimization based on a fully on-chain WebAuthn signature verification scheme, without using any type of MPC architecture, thus providing maximum security and decentralization.

Hexlink

Hexlink aims to provide available ERC-4337 compatible smart accounts for all ENS domain users through EIP-4972. With Hexlink, ENS domain holders can export a unique smart account deployed exclusively by the domain owner, facilitating the migration of ENS users from EOA to smart accounts.

UniPass

UniPass has launched an account abstraction SDK for developers, providing a seedless phrase and gas-free user experience based on smart contract wallets, and has introduced a chain-signed ID Token for the verifiable OpenID Connect protocol, used for new user login and recovery of OpenID authentication solutions. In May of this year, UniPass and hardware wallet developer Keystone announced their formal merger to establish Account Labs.

Clave

Clave is a non-custodial smart contract wallet supported by account abstraction and hardware components such as Apple Secure Enclave Hardware Elements and Android Trustzone.

References:

https://web3datadegens.substack.com/p/web3-sql-weekly-8-analyzing-account

https://mirror.xyz/erc4337official.eth/hRn_41cef8oKn44ZncN9pXvY3VID6LZOtpLlktXYtmA

免责声明：本文章仅代表作者个人观点，不代表本平台的立场和观点。本文章仅供信息分享，不构成对任何人的任何投资建议。用户与作者之间的任何争议，与本平台无关。如网页中刊载的文章或图片涉及侵权，请提供相关的权利证明和身份证明发送邮件到support@aicoin.com，本平台相关工作人员将会进行核查。