Coinbase是否向贝莱德和其他ETF发行“纸质比特币”?

CN
Decrypt
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7 個月前

Paranoid Bitcoin investors have become increasingly convinced that dealings between Coinbase, the biggest crypto exchange in America, and BlackRock, the largest asset manager in the world, may not be entirely on the up and up.

對於Coinbase(美國最大的加密貨幣交易所)和世界上最大的資產管理公司BlackRock之間的交易,偏執的比特幣投資者越來越認為可能並非完全合法。

Though a flood of capital into new spot Bitcoin ETFs pushed the price of BTC to a new all-time high in March, just two months after ETFs were approved in the U.S., the price should be much higher today with all those billions flowing into the market, befuddled Bitcoin buyers say.

盡管大量資金湧入新的現貨比特幣ETF將BTC價格推至3月份的歷史新高,但美國批准ETF僅兩個月後,有人說應該隨著數十億美元流入市場,今天的價格應該更高。

Coinbase—the U.S.-based cryptocurrency exchange that serves as custodian for most Bitcoin ETFs, including BlackRock—must not actually be buying the Bitcoin requested by these funds, and instead merely issuing “IOUs,” or “paper” Bitcoin, these critics say.

這些批評者說,作為大多數比特幣ETF(包括BlackRock)的保管人的美國加密貨幣交易所Coinbase實際上可能並未購買這些基金要求的比特幣,而僅僅是發行“應付帳款”或“紙上”比特幣。

The unsubstantiated rumors echoed throughout social media over the last few months, and eventually became loud enough that Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong addressed the concerns on X, formerly known as Twitter. “Not sure what this is all about [to be honest],” he said last week. “All ETF mints and burns we process are ultimately settled on-chain.”

這些無依據的謠言在過去幾個月在社交媒體上迴響不斷,最終變得足夠響亮,以至於Coinbase CEO布萊恩·阿姆斯壯在X(以前稱為Twitter)上回應了這些擔憂。“不確定這到底是怎麼一回事[說實話],”他上週說。“我們處理的所有ETF鑄造和銷毀最終都是在鏈上結算的。”

Just two days later, however, BlackRock filed an amendment to its ETF registration with the SEC which now requires Coinbase to release Bitcoin much quicker to the asset manager, within 12 hours of notice, when BlackRock customers buy shares of its Bitcoin ETF product. Critics latched onto the update as evidence that their worries were not unfounded.

然而僅兩天後,BlackRock向美國證券交易委員會提交了一份修正案,現在要求Coinbase在BlackRock客戶購買其比特幣ETF產品的股份時,在12小時內更快地釋放比特幣給資產管理公司。批評者抓住這一更新作為他們擔憂並非毫無根據的證據。

But it’s all hogwash, says Bloomberg ETF analyst Eric Balchunas. “I’ve been tracking [the ETF] industry for 20 years, and there’s never been a case of this stuff not being with the custodian,” he told Decrypt. “First of all, it’d be illegal.”

但彭博ETF分析師埃里克·巴爾丘納斯說,這都是廢話。“我已經跟蹤ETF行業20年了,從來沒有這種情況不是由保管人處理的案例,”他告訴Decrypt。“首先,這是違法的。”

The idea that an ETF issuer or its custodian may not actually hold the underlying asset isn’t new. As Balchunas pointed out on X, it’s a worry that some gold investors have shared about gold ETFs for years.

ETF發行人或其保管人實際上可能並未持有基礎資產的想法並不新鮮。正如巴爾丘納斯在X上指出的那樣,這是一些金融投資者多年來對黃金ETF共享的擔憂。

An ETF is a way for investors to gain exposure to an asset, like gold or Bitcoin, without actually holding the asset themselves. With Bitcoin ETFs, for example, investors buy shares in BlackRock’s fund, and BlackRock then buys a corresponding amount of Bitcoin and stores it on Coinbase. There are trade-offs, though, and the added convenience requires an element of trust—and risk.

ETF是投資者在實際上不持有資產的情況下獲得對資產(如黃金或比特幣)的曝光的一種方式。例如,對於比特幣ETF,投資者購買BlackRock基金的股份,然後BlackRock購買相應數量的比特幣並將其存放在Coinbase上。然而,這其中存在著權衡,而額外的便利需要一定的信任和風險。

怀疑的比特币持有者宁愿看到链上收据,而不是接受保证。Coinbase可能向BlackRock发行纸质比特币的想法可以追溯至至少5月,当时化名交易员“泰勒·德顿”在X上拥有大量观众时开始了这一指控。“Blackrock可以从Coinbase获取任意数量的比特币,而交易记录是在链下记录的,”他发推文。该帖目前已有160万次观看。

本月早些时候,音乐制作人兼加密货币交易员MartyParty助长了这种说法,声称尽管BlackRock“购买了所有的比特币”,比特币价格并未上涨。

“世纪骗局,”他写道

巴尔丘纳斯将这些说法驳回为“阴谋论”。

“这不像FTX,你突然间就建立了一个交易所,然后一些蠢货就在巴哈马的顶层套房里运行它,”他告诉Decrypt。“[BlackRock]是一家严肃的公司,拥有数十名律师。他们不会危及他们辛苦赢得的声誉,更不用说被所有投资者起诉了,”他说。

巴尔丘纳斯昨天在X上确认他已经与BlackRock交谈以了解更多情况。他说,资产管理公司运行“自己的区块链节点”,每晚从他们的钱包地址中提取BTC余额放入Coinbase Prime。

他说,公司可以在客户要求时向客户展示余额,但绝不会公开它们,因为他们可能会遭受垃圾邮件攻击,比如灰尘攻击(加密货币用户向钱包地址发送少量比特币以跟踪、污染或去匿名化)。

BlackRock拒绝回答Decrypt的问题,而是指向了该公司数字资产负责人罗比·米奇尼克在周二向Bloomberg采访。当被问及上周关于Coinbase的有争议的申报时,他表示这是“正常的更新”,“没有任何重大变化”。

Coinbase的一位发言人向Decrypt确认,在X上推动的无依据的谣言只是这样,没有更多内容,并补充说监管更新是正常的。

BlackRock的IBIT是目前在美国交易的ETF中最大、最成功的。根据其网站,该基金目前持有357,732 BTC,价值约226亿美元。

CoinGecko的数据显示,比特币价格在过去一年中上涨了超过140%,在ETF获批后价格大涨。

“我说你把这当作一种胜利,”巴尔丘纳斯说,指的是比特币的价格。“情况可能会更糟。”

“我的意思是,什么价格会让你满意?”

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