ChatGPT developer OpenAI confirmed Monday that it has confidentially filed an S-1 registration statement for a potential initial public offering, a move that formally begins the process of becoming a publicly traded company.

"We recently submitted a confidential S-1," the company wrote in a post on X. "We expect it to leak, so we're just announcing it."

An S-1 is the registration document companies file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission before selling shares to the public. A confidential filing allows regulators to begin reviewing the paperwork before detailed financial information is made public.



However, OpenAI said the filing should not be interpreted as a signal that an IPO is imminent.

"We have not decided on timing yet; it may be a while because there are things we want to do that are likely easier as a private company," the company said, adding that the filing gives it "the option to go public sooner if that ends up being best."

The announcement comes after months of speculation that OpenAI was preparing for a public listing. In May, The Wall Street Journal reported that the company was considering a September IPO and had engaged Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley to help lead the offering. The report followed the dismissal of Elon Musk's lawsuit challenging OpenAI's corporate structure, removing a significant legal overhang.

OpenAI is not alone in moving toward public markets. Earlier this month, rival artificial intelligence developer Anthropic disclosed a confidential IPO filing, while Elon Musk’s SpaceX unveiled its own IPO plans in May.

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