In recent days, discussions surrounding Ethereum Layer 2 have intensified. An SEC commissioner stated in a podcast that relying on centralized sequencers should be regarded as "exchanges," while Scroll suddenly announced the suspension of decentralized DAO governance. Additionally, there have been several core developers leaving Optimism recently. The market's hesitation and anxiety regarding Ethereum Layer 2 have increased, highlighting the daunting technical debt of Ethereum!

Here are my personal subjective views:

1) The issue of decentralized sequencers is clearly not timely for discussion now, as most mainstream Layer 2 solutions like Arbitrum, Optimism, and Base are centralized sequencers. Vitalik Buterin proposed a technical alignment roadmap from stage 0 to stage 2 and suggested a pragmatic path for one-hour withdrawals. Although Metis has implemented a decentralized sequencer, it is only being used on a small scale within its own ecosystem.

All these realities have one underlying message: the decentralization issue of Layer 2 is temporarily unsolvable. Therefore, discussing whether it will be recognized as an exchange is of little significance.

2) The impact of Scroll's suspension of decentralized DAO governance depends on how you interpret it. One could argue that Scroll, which originally could not achieve the trustless characteristics of decentralized sequencer technology, has now also given up on decentralized DAO governance, marking the failure of the decentralized Layer 2 zkEVM "experiment."

However, this may not be entirely negative; it could be that the team found DAO governance to be a burden while pushing for commercialization. Since decentralization of the sequencer is unachievable, the decentralization of DAO governance is merely formalism. Why not abandon it in favor of embracing flexibility and efficiency for a rebirth?

3) The departure of core developers from the Optimism team is a superficial event reflecting Layer 2's loss of market narrative dominance. The real question to consider is why Hyperliquid and Stripe (Tempo) have chosen to pursue independent chains. Will chains currently relying on Layer 2 technology, such as Base, Robinhood, and Upbit, also withdraw from Layer 2 one day?

By the way, there is also Megaeth from the L2 camp waiting for market validation. Is Layer 2 truly lacking the nourishing soil for sustained growth?

Various signs indicate that general Layer 2 will inevitably lose out in the confrontation with high-performance Layer 1. Relying solely on Ethereum's security inheritance cannot support the ecological prosperity of Layer 2. It must either transform into specific Layer 2 solutions to compete with other Layer 1s or await a blood sacrifice.

The process of liquidating Ethereum's technical debt may be more brutal than everyone imagines.

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