Vitalik: Diamond iO explores a new paradigm of "invisibility" in the program, which may drive privacy computing to a new stage BlockBeats News: On July 28th, Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum, released his latest article introducing the new cryptographic obfuscation technology Diamond iO. This technology aims to solve the problem of low efficiency in traditional indistinguishable obfuscation schemes, enabling programs to run while hiding internal logic and critical data. Although traditional iO technology has strong privacy protection capabilities, its operating costs are so high that they are almost impractical. Diamond iO, on the other hand, has improved its computational efficiency from "cosmic level time consumption" to "planetary level time consumption" by adopting more radical new cryptographic assumptions, bringing it closer to practical applications. Diamond iO is built on technologies such as Attribute Encryption (ABE) and Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). By encrypting the program, users can execute the encrypted program and obtain the correct output, but cannot view its internal code or hidden keys. This scheme introduces a new input encoding mechanism and conditional decryption method, which reduces computational complexity while ensuring program logic hiding. Its core application scenarios include protecting programs containing private keys, implementing secure software authorization, building trustless cryptographic services, and supporting blockchain and artificial intelligence systems with stronger privacy protection. However, Diamond iO is still in the early stages of research, and its security relies on new cryptographic assumptions including All Product LWE and Evasive LWE, which require further research and verification. Meanwhile, this technology still faces efficiency challenges such as high computational overhead and limited circuit depth. Researchers believe that by optimizing the underlying hash function, improving homomorphic encryption schemes, and reducing security parameter requirements, Diamond iO is expected to become an important direction for promoting the development of practical program obfuscation technology in the future. [Original link]