In early 2024, crypto card spending was concentrated in a single chain: Gnosis, home of Gnosis Pay (the first Visa card connected directly to a self-custodial wallet). As new card programs have launched, the number of card settlement chains has expanded. As of July, Optimism carries about 29% of crypto card spend volume, Solana about 19%, and Base about 19%, according to Paymentscan. Gnosis has dropped to about 2%.(a16z crypto)