Oil price declines continued Tuesday, with Brent crude briefly dropping below $80 a barrel—hitting a two-month low—as enthusiasm grows over a memorandum of understanding (MoU) between the U.S. and Iran. Market data showed the global benchmark fell to an intraday low of $79.63 a barrel before rising back above the $80 threshold.

The U.S. benchmark, West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude, fell 4% to $77.43 a barrel. WTI crude has plunged by nearly 20% since the beginning of June, underlining the Strait of Hormuz’s continued importance to the oil market.

While details of the MoU have not been formally released, widespread reports say the deal compels Iran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz. In exchange, the country will reportedly receive sanctions relief, billions of dollars in unfrozen assets and potentially billions of dollars in investment.

Although the release of oil stranded in the Persian Gulf may temporarily weigh on prices, analysts caution that restoring Middle East output to prewar levels could take years, leaving the market structurally tighter than it appears.

According to a social media post by market research platform Bull Theory, while the MoU could end the conflict that impacted nearly all oil-producing Gulf states, $58 billion in oil infrastructure damage remains. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimated that more than half of the 80 energy facilities attacked during the war were severely damaged.

The Bull Theory analysis outlines the harsh realities the global energy industry must grapple with once the agreement takes effect.

“Equipment needs to be inspected and certified safe before restart,” Bull Theory explained. “Workers need to return to facilities that were recently under attack. Insurance markets do not immediately return to cover a region that was at war last week.”

Adding to these structural concerns, energy investment firm HFI Research noted that the current sell-off exposes a massive disconnect between algorithmic “paper” trading and physical reality. The firm points out that while financial markets are aggressively pricing in peace, global oil inventories have already plummeted to critical lows due to the prolonged outage of roughly 11 million barrels per day during the conflict. Once traders realize that paper promises cannot immediately conjure physical barrels from depleted reserves, a sharp upward reversal is likely.

Furthermore, while the MoU dictates that the Strait of Hormuz will reopen within 30 days, the physical supply slated to flow through it will likely take months or even years to return to full capacity.

“That gap between oil prices falling and energy supply actually recovering is where the inflation problem sits for the next 12 to 24 months,” Bull Theory added.

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