The decline of the population in modern countries is an inevitable and irreversible phenomenon:
The so-called Malthusian catastrophe will not occur at all; the more developed a country, the lower the birth rate. There are many reasons for this, but urbanization is the fundamental cause of the low birth rate;
The most obvious feature of urbanization is the high level of cooperation among people, with families becoming atomized. In an urbanized society, an individual or a family cannot independently achieve a self-sustaining survival system. You do not need to farm or herd because there are supermarkets; you do not need to dig wells because there is running water; you do not need to weave fabric or sew because there are various clothing stores; if a light breaks, there is an electrician, if a pipe leaks, there is a plumber... you do not need to worry about safety because cities have a well-developed security system. In an urbanized society, you only need to possess one skill to survive well, even if that is shoe repair or key cutting.
In highly cooperative cities, a woman's need for a man, aside from the physiological (which can also be replaced by adult products), is largely dispensable. There is no need for a man to perform physical labor, nor for a man's protection, while in ancient times, it would be unimaginable for an adult woman to survive independently in a village.
In a highly cooperative city, a man's need for women has also greatly weakened. For a normal man, sexual demand is the primary need after basic needs such as being fed and dressed. In a highly urbanized society, sexual demands do not necessarily require marriage; they can be completely resolved through monetary exchange (PiaoChang). As for food, there is takeout, for cleaning, there are domestic services... Therefore, men also have no necessity to marry.
The foundation of urbanization is cooperation among individuals. A family is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition for survival. In an urbanized society, an individual or a family cannot independently achieve a self-sustaining survival system. You do not need to farm or herd because there are supermarkets; you do not need to dig wells because there is running water; you do not need to weave fabric or sew because there are various clothing stores; if a light breaks, there is an electrician, if a pipe leaks, there is a plumber... you do not need to worry about safety because cities have a well-developed security system.
In highly cooperative cities, a woman's need for a man, aside from sexual need (which can also be replaced by adult products), is largely dispensable. There is no need for a man to perform physical labor, nor need for a man’s protection, while in ancient times, it would be unimaginable for an adult woman to survive in a village.
In a highly cooperative city, a man's need for women has also greatly weakened. For a normal man, sexual demand is the primary need beyond being fed and dressed. In a highly urbanized society, sexual needs do not necessarily require marriage; they can be completely solved through monetary exchange (PiaoChang), and for eating, there is takeout; laundry can be done self-service, cleaning can be through domestic help...
Therefore, in developed cities, forming a family and raising children is completely a negative asset; it delays the ability to earn money and enjoy life.
In an agrarian society, or rather a village society, social cooperation is very minimal (occasionally limited exchanges with blacksmiths, carpenters, and other skilled artisans). A family with land or ranch can be completely self-sufficient. In a self-sufficient family, children are labor forces, the strength of the family, and the future of the family (refer to the American show "Yellowstone"). The family with thriving male offspring is powerful; at least they will not be bullied.
Therefore, the decline in birth rates is an inevitable result of urbanization!
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