The start of the second Trump administration in January brought optimism that the crypto economy was headed for better times. During the run-up to the November 2024 U.S. elections, Donald Trump had pledged to eliminate the Biden administration’s anti- crypto policies and end government “lawfare” against crypto entrepreneurs.

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It was hardly a surprise that bitcoin and a wave of altcoins surged in the immediate aftermath of Trump’s victory and the pro- crypto Republican Party’s consolidation of power in Congress. That optimism reached a crescendo on Jan. 20, the day of Trump’s second inauguration, when sentiment indicators went off the charts. The Crypto Fear & Greed Index spiked to 84 within 48 hours, underscoring the euphoric mood. Bitcoin ( BTC) rode the wave to a record‑breaking $108,000, setting an all‑time high that would hold until mid‑May.

Yet the rally soon gave way to the darker side of crypto’s DNA: volatility. The months that followed reminded traders that parabolic gains are often followed by brutal corrections. Tens of thousands of investors who had piled into leveraged long positions were caught off guard as BTC staged its trademark sharp reversals. On Feb. 3, a sudden correction in both bitcoin and ethereum triggered a cascading deleveraging event. More than $3.6 billion in liquidations ripped through the market in a single day, wiping out over 700,000 leveraged positions. The carnage marked the largest one‑day liquidation event of the year’s first half and the second largest in 2025.

Another event triggered by similar factors would result in the largest single-day liquidation ever, several months later. Before that, however, several more single-day liquidations exceeding $1 billion were triggered by factors ranging geopolitical events, including President Donald Trump’s April 2 announcement of reciprocal tariffs against many nations and threats against China. Market data showed Trump’s “Liberation Day” announcement triggered a sell-off across all markets amid fears the move would kick-start a costly trade war. By April 9, BTC had tumbled below $75,000, its lowest point in 2025.

Long positions have accounted for the bulk of liquidated leverage throughout the year, underscoring traders’ persistent bias toward betting on bitcoin’s upside. Yet the second quarter rally exposed the vulnerability of short sellers, who at times bore the brunt of the market’s violent swings. On July 10, the tables turned decisively: nearly $1 billion in short bets were obliterated in a single day, dwarfing the less than $100 million lost on longs.

Similar wipeouts followed in August and September, with short liquidations spiking on Aug. 9, Aug. 22, and Sept. 12. While the dollar amounts were smaller than July’s carnage, the repeated episodes reinforced a clear message — in a market as volatile as crypto, both sides of the trade are perpetually at risk, and even seasoned players can be caught flat‑footed when sentiment shifts.

Having weathered the relentless geopolitical turbulence that defined much of 2025, the crypto market entered the final quarter with renewed vigor. BTC surged on a wave of institutional accumulation, culminating in a historic peak of $126,000 on Oct. 6. This milestone signaled what many believed was a definitive breakout into a new price discovery phase.

However, the euphoria proved fragile as just four days later, the market’s over-leveraged foundation buckled, sending BTC into a violent tailspin that saw prices plummet below $115,000. This was not merely a correction; it was a systemic failure that ignited the largest single-day liquidation cascade in the history of digital assets.

In a 24-hour window, the industry witnessed the evaporation of $19 billion in leveraged positions. The carnage was overwhelmingly one-sided: obliterated “long” bets accounted for approximately 85% ($16 billion) of the total wipeout. This deleveraging event exposed the thin liquidity and extreme open interest that had quietly built up during the Q4 rally, serving as a grim reminder of the volatility inherent in the current crypto market infrastructure.

Read more: Market Manipulation or Trump Tariff Threat? Long Positions Suffer $16.8 Billion Loss in Crypto Market Shakeout

Initially, the massive liquidations were attributed to Trump’s announcement of new tariffs against China, but several later reports cited the infrastructure of the crypto market and extreme open interest as the reasons for the collapse. With as many as 1.6 million traders liquidated, the collapse also sparked allegations of market manipulation against centralized exchanges and market makers.

The catastrophic collapse on Oct. 10 was followed by at least six distinct episodes where more than $1 billion in leveraged positions were incinerated in a single trading session. These recurring wipeouts serve as a violent indictment of the risks inherent in high- leverage trading within the current crypto ecosystem.

In this high-velocity environment, the combination of thin order books and massive open interest has created a “tinderbox” effect, where minor geopolitical shifts trigger massive, automated liquidation engines. For the modern trader, these events underscore a sobering reality: in a market governed by flash-cascades, leverage is no longer just a tool for capital efficiency—it is a primary catalyst for systemic contagion.

• Why did crypto markets surge after Trump’s second inauguration? Bitcoin and altcoins rallied on expectations of pro‑ crypto policies by the Trump administration.
• What triggered the biggest liquidations in early 2025? A Feb. 3 correction in bitcoin and ethereum wiped out $3.6 billion and 700,000 positions.
• How did Trump’s April tariff threats impact crypto prices? His “Liberation Day” announcement sparked a global sell‑off, sending BTC below $75,000.
• What happened during the October 10 collapse? A systemic failure erased $19 billion in leveraged bets, with 1.6 million traders liquidated.

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