Abandoning the broad approach of General-Purpose chains, the right path is to explore Specific-Chains in response to the new demands of Mass Adoption.

Written by: Haotian

This is a very meaningful perspective, and it seems to be a long-awaited positive interpretation of the significance of Ethereum layer2: the true value of layer2s is as an "experimental innovation sandbox."

For example, @arbitrum can explore DAO governance, @Optimism can implement a RetroPGF funding mechanism, @base can attempt CEX integration, and @zksync can advance account abstraction, among others. If these innovations were directly implemented on the mainnet, the risks would be too high, but on layer2, even if they fail, it won't jeopardize the entire ecosystem.

Interestingly, it appears that different layer2s can serve completely different user groups, such as enterprise chains focused on compliance, privacy chains that advocate for censorship resistance, and gaming chains capable of high-frequency trading, etc.

Looking back, there are indeed quite a few layer2+layer3 solutions built on various stacks, although none of them have become the expected saviors to attract and revitalize Ethereum, they have indeed made significant contributions to the "diversity" of experimental scalability solutions.

Of course, one could argue that they ultimately aim to issue tokens, but there is an underlying logic: they at least partially continue and inherit Ethereum's decentralized security features.

Otherwise, with the current star product @HyperliquidX and some Wall Street giant enterprises pursuing independent exclusive layer1 chains, while they can achieve a smooth upgrade in experience, they essentially sacrifice decentralization for extreme performance. Moreover, these independent chains are also likely to issue tokens, and what they are doing may not be fundamentally different from layer2, or even worse. However, this step is a complete denial of the layer2 experimental field.

Therefore, there is actually a clear path in front of layer2: abandoning the broad approach of General-Purpose chains, the right way is to explore Specific-Chains in response to the new demands of Mass Adoption. For instance, how to introduce well-known game IPs, how to meet the needs for privacy transactions and compliance, how to serve the high-frequency interaction demands of AI agents, and how to provide compliant on-ramps for RWA assets, etc.

In other words, as long as layer2s abandon the pure technical architecture's internal competition and discard the obsession with the broadness of general chains, focusing on integrating with TradFi's business, the situation for layer2 may not be as pessimistic as everyone thinks.

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