Vitalik Buterin elaborates on short-term and long-term plans for Ethereum expansion

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has announced a scaling plan on social media, covering both short-term and long-term goals. In the short term, Glamsterdam upgrade will introduce block level access lists for parallel verification and introduce ePBS functionality. At the same time, the multidimensional Gas mechanism will add a "state creation Gas" dimension, which will not be included in the approximately 16 million transaction Gas limit, allowing for the creation of larger contracts. EVM will handle multidimensional gas consumption and maintain two invariants through a "reserve pool" mechanism. Long term expansion includes ZK-EVM and Blobs. Blobs will iterate through PeerDAS, aiming to achieve a data processing capacity of approximately 8 MB/s. In the future, block data will directly enter Blobs. ZK-EVM will be promoted in stages, allowing validators to use ZK-EVM clients in 2026, recommending more networks to run ZK-EVM in 2027, and ultimately transitioning to a 3-of-5 mandatory proof mechanism, where all nodes (excluding index nodes) will rely on ZK-EVM proof.