Vitalik posts a detailed explanation of the entire technology tree behind the main line of obfuscation protocol (iO) Vitalik Buterin published an article titled "Obfuscation: Building the Final Boss of Cryptography (Part I)", which systematically outlines the entire technical tree behind the main line of obfuscation protocols (iO). The article points out that obfuscation technology can convert programs into "encrypted programs", allowing computation of plaintext input while hiding internal logic. In theory, it can achieve a "trustless trusted third party", and when combined with blockchain, it can build various applications such as almost trustless voting systems and auction protocols. However, although the running time of the current iO scheme is technically polynomial time, the actual cost is huge, and the expected running time exceeds the lifespan of the universe.