Zcash's follow-up plan focuses on two main aspects: First, a new pool called Ironwood will be launched, while the old pool will enter a state of 'withdraw-only.' All coins flowing out of the old pool will be forced to pass through a turnstile (accounting mechanism) before entering the new pool. If the number of coins exiting the old pool is ≤ the amount that legally entered in the past, it indirectly proves that there was no counterfeit coin inflation in the pool. But what if the amount exceeds that? Well, that would indicate a problem. The turnstile will directly block it, and the excess coins will be unable to leave the old pool, effectively being permanently locked. So, no matter what happens, the fixed total supply will always be guaranteed. Additionally, how do we prevent similar issues in the future? In the long term, the solution lies in promoting formal verification, which Vitalik considers the ultimate answer to blockchain security. You might want to check it out—it hasn’t been widely adopted yet due to its extremely high technical barriers and costs. Currently, it’s applied in cutting-edge fields like aerospace, but the emergence of AI might accelerate its adoption. This is one of AI's biggest contributions to security defense engineering. Its characteristics also make it highly suitable for public chain security and smart contract security. Shielded Labs will also launch a project specifically to implement this. It will be tied to the Ironwood network upgrade. Once completed, it will mathematically prove that the program is bug-free, making similar vulnerabilities almost impossible to reoccur in the future.