In the past quarter, there has been much more discussion about quantum threats than before. The threat of quantum computing to Bitcoin is to calculate private keys from public keys, According to Google's calculations, it takes less than 500000 physical qubits to deduce a private key from a public key in just a few minutes. However, the largest quantum chip released by IBM in 2024 has only 1121 physical qubits, while Google's own quantum supremacy chip has less than 70 physical qubits. Of course, the future is unknown. For ordinary retail investors, not reusing addresses from now on is already a super quantum resistant operation, which means trying not to expose their wallet's public key on the public network. In theory, as long as you don't use funds, the public key is hidden and only the hash of the public key is exposed. However, as long as you initiate a transaction, the public key will be exposed At least until the quantum threat is completely eliminated, the main wallet can only receive payments and transfer assets to a new address immediately after one transfer, so there is basically no need to worry about quantum negative effects. The HD technology of current hardware wallets and mainstream hot wallets can derive countless addresses from the same mnemonic word, which can be considered quantum resistant when used effectively. In my opinion, the biggest downside of quantum technology is the dormant whales and old netizens. In the early days of Bitcoin (including Satoshi Nakamoto), a large number of addresses were in P2PK format, with public keys running naked or wallet owners losing their private keys. Millions of unclaimed BTC may be stolen by hackers, and countless quantum hackers open blind boxes on the Bitcoin network every day. That could be the biggest black swan of encryption so far