
头雁|Jul 08, 2025 07:11
ZKM - a mips based zkvm
@ProjectZKM recently updated with a new version code Ziren
ZKM is one of the few zkvm products with a mips instruction set, and they have chosen a relatively less competitive track (compared to the zk-risc-v instruction set). mips is a streamlined instruction set with a long history, and its advantage lies not in the number and scalability of instruction sets, but in the fixed and stable instructions. The biggest challenge for zk evm before was the continuous change of EVM instructions, which would result in new circuit constraint upgrades. For finance and crypto, stability and safety are more important, so zk mips has a certain stability as its core value point. The cto @ sd_eigen of this project made another zkvm project Eigen_Network in the early stage. At that time, it focused on privacy, but it was unknown that the direction of the later adjustment was acquired.
Below is a comparison between the mips32 and risc-v instruction sets:
RV32I is minimalist, with flexible options for extensions (such as M, A, F, D, C), concise instruction encoding, and supports 16/32-bit.
Core instruction set: RISC-V's RV32I (47 instructions) is much fewer than MIPS32's core integer instructions (~150 instructions), reflecting RISC-V's minimalist design philosophy.
With extensions: The common configuration of RISC-V (such as RV32IMAFC or RV32G) has approximately 100-150 instructions, which is usually less than MIPS32's 200+instructions (including floating-point and extensions).
Instruction complexity: The MIPS32 instruction set is more complex, containing specialized instructions such as branch delay slots and coprocessor instructions, while RISC-V pursues simplicity, modular expansion, and reduces redundancy.
Differences in design concepts
MIPS32: Designed in the 1980s with the goal of high-performance RISC processors and a relatively fixed instruction set.
Including branch delay slots (a hardware feature that requires additional instruction management) increases implementation complexity.
The instruction set is rich, but some instructions are specific to certain hardware scenarios and may not be suitable for modern lightweight designs.
Ecological maturity, but closed source and limited expansion.
RISC-V: A modern open-source ISA designed in the 2010s, emphasizing modularity and flexibility.
No branch delay slots, concise instruction encoding, easy to implement in hardware and optimize in software.
Customizable instruction sets can be extended, suitable for applications ranging from low-power embedded systems to high-performance computing.
Open source ecosystem, active community, supports rapid iteration and customization.
Some information about Ziren's upgrade this time:
Ziren=zkMIPS v1.1.0 with GPU+network validator
-30x GPU acceleration
-The network prover supports parallel proofs
-Main constraint optimization
-Toolchain and precompilation upgrade
-Key error fixes and audit improvements
The core proof process has now been accelerated by GPU, resulting in significant speed gains:
-Core proof generation speed increased by 30 times
-Aggregation proof speed increased by 15 times
-BN254 packaging certification has also increased speed by 30 times
More update details: https://www. (zkm.io)/blog/ziren-whats-new
The first project currently running Ziren is called @ GOATRollup, which is a Layer 2 network based on Bitcoin. GOAT Network is the first Bitcoin Layer 2 network based on zkMIPS (Zero Knowledge MIPS Instruction Set), BitVM3, and a decentralized sequencer. It achieves trust minimization design through the Optimistic Challenge Protocol (GOAT-OCP), with the project goal of addressing Bitcoin's limitations in scalability, transaction speed, and cost while maintaining the security of Bitcoin Layer 1.
Core Features
Decentralization: GOAT Network achieves community driven network operations through decentralized Sequencer Node Operators, allowing external node participants to jointly manage block production and transaction sorting, and share profits.
Security: The project adopts BitVM3 bridging scheme and zkRollup technology, ensuring the security and privacy of transactions through zero knowledge proof (ZKP).
ZkMIPS supports programs written in high-level languages such as Rust and Golang. Developers do not need to audit zero knowledge proof circuits, but only need to verify business logic, reducing development barriers and improving security.
Scalability: By moving some transactions to off chain processing, GOAT Network significantly improves Bitcoin's transaction speed and reduces transaction costs, while inheriting the security of the Bitcoin main chain.
It supports 100% EVM compatibility, allowing developers to efficiently build Web3 decentralized applications (DApps).
Sustainable Revenue: GOAT Network is committed to providing sustainable revenue opportunities for Bitcoin holders, expanding the use of Bitcoin beyond its role as a store of value.
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