The US is in violation of both section 3 (economic coercion) but Trump (and Russia) was also violating section 1 & 2 which: -Guarantee that the US, UK and Russia will all respect to the independence, sovereignty and territorial borders of Ukraine as defined at that time (which includes Donbas, Luhansk and Crimea) -Refrain from threat or use of force against any signatory (including with nuclear weapons) except in the case of self-defense. All of these clauses being violated allow Ukraine to pursue a nuclear program, but also to bring UN claims, and treaty violation cases against the US (and Russia) But it’s why Putin’s propaganda has so continuously claimed “NATO expansion threat” about Ukraine but not Finland (which is even closer to major cities) Putin needs this to be “self-defense” to not violate a treaty, which could be used to convince other nations that Putin is the bad guy. He doesn’t need that with Finland, as Finland didn’t sign the memorandum. People ask why the US should stand by Ukraine - and the simple answer is we signed a damn treaty saying we would. We now make the US’ word worth nothing on the global stage, and expose ourselves to violations in any international organization we wish to be party too.