These challenges to EF are not recent. 1559 and PoS upgrades are two typical social consensus forks. Since then, the Ethereum ecosystem has lost the backbone of the Chinese community, and Spark Mining Pool, EthFans, and ECN have long been shut down. Although some communities are still working hard, some OGs have long abandoned Ethereum. But when comparing Ethereum with other new public chains, there is no comparison, after all, the stage and scale differences are too large. Many people have seen countless Ethereum killers, such as faster performance/consensus, more applications/developers, stronger foundation execution, etc., but how many people are still following EOS and Polkadot now? Solana is certainly a big challenge for Ethereum, as everyone knows it has good performance, excellent developers, a large number of users, strong investor strength, and the foundation is working hard to support the ecosystem. It is much more reliable than all previous ETH Killers. But Ethereum and Solana have different visions, technical architectures, foundation governance models, and even developer communities. On the one hand, the reason is that Ethereum is too old and has many issues that it needs to consider, including the smart contracts that have already been deployed and vested interests. On the other hand, the reason is that it cares too much about topics that the community is not paying as much attention to now, such as privacy, decentralization (lightweight node technology), DAO, MEV, etc. It's not that these topics are unimportant, but rather that industry demographics are changing and these directions do not bring directly visible economic value. Although I still care about finding the opportunity to land these things as soon as possible. From a technical perspective, Ethereum is not as extreme as people think, so it is awkward in the middle. For example, in terms of the number of nodes, it is much lower than Bitcoin. In terms of performance, it is much lower than other new public blockchains (perhaps L2 and parallelization can catch up). In terms of application and experience, MetaMask is the biggest enemy of Mass Adoption. In fact, "self hosting" is also a spectrum, and current Passkey or TEE like solutions are too user-friendly for new users. Of course, these issues have existed before, why have they only recently erupted? Price accounts for more than half of the factors. If ETH is now $20000, how would the community describe Vitalik and Aya? Finally, these discussions and doubts are certainly meaningful, Solana is also great, and the open source community also needs to compete. And I also hope to do some insignificant things to help the open source community become better. Because Week in Ethereum went offline recently, a few friends and I have been maintaining a new technical weekly report @ Ethweekly Ethereum Weekly Digest focusing on Ethereum since the end of last year. Welcome to follow the progress of the Ethereum protocol layer and ecosystem. Subscription link: https://ethereumweeklydigest. (substack.com)