Of course, corresponding to the institutional hedging data is the continuous buying by American retail investors. The trading volume of retail options has consistently set new weekly records, while cash stock trading volume has risen to its highest level this year. Retail participation in the stock market is at its strongest level since February 2021.

Citadel Securities Retail Options Trading Volume

Moreover, the percentage of retail investors in the total cash trading market has exceeded 22%, making retail investors an undeniable force in the U.S. stock market.

Percentage of Retail Investors in the Total Cash Trading Market

Overall

Retail investors have had net buying in 23 out of the past 27 weeks in the stock market.

Retail investors have had net buying for 25 consecutive weeks in options investments.

Retail investors have had net buying on 220 out of 222 trading days in ETF investments.

Institutions have held a pessimistic (hedging) attitude in 9 out of the past 10 weeks.

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