Written by: Anthony Pompliano, Jeff Park

Translated by: Block unicorn

Introduction: Redefining Investment Wisdom in a Changing World

The investment landscape is undergoing profound changes driven by dramatic shifts in the global economic structure, technological advancements, and cultural ideologies. The traditional investment framework based on Benjamin Graham's principles in "The Intelligent Investor" has long emphasized disciplined valuation techniques, such as discounted cash flow and risk-free rate assumptions. However, while these methods have been effective in a stable, dollar-dominated world, they are increasingly challenged in a new paradigm where external events, geopolitical changes, and ideological beliefs play a larger role in shaping market outcomes. This article explores a worldview that contrasts the "intelligent investor" with the "ideological investor," elucidating their differences and arguing why understanding this framework is crucial for becoming a better market investor. Additionally, it discusses the innovative concept of Bitcoin treasury companies and the unique financial strategy of accumulating Bitcoin on corporate balance sheets without raising additional capital. By integrating these ideas, we reveal how ideology, technology, and financial innovation are reshaping the future of investment.

Intelligent Investors vs. Ideological Investors: A Clash of Worldviews

Intelligent Investors: A Value-Based Newtonian Approach

Conceptualized by Benjamin Graham and popularized by Warren Buffett, the "intelligent investor" is based on a disciplined, analytical investment approach. This worldview relies on fundamental valuation principles, such as discounted cash flow models, normal distribution assumptions, and the concept of risk-free rates typically associated with dollar hegemony. It assumes a predictable, modelable world where financial prosperity stems from a stable economic structure, such as the Washington Consensus, which has prioritized free markets and minimal trade barriers since the 1980s. Historically, this framework has rewarded investors who focus on intrinsic value, revenue growth, and earnings surprises, providing a reliable roadmap for navigating relatively stable markets.

However, this approach is not without limitations. The intelligent investor's reliance on predictable models assumes a stable global order, which is increasingly under pressure. As mentioned in the blog dialogue, recent events, such as the U.S. government's acquisition of a 10% stake in Intel, signify a departure from the free market principles that this worldview relies upon. These developments indicate that the risk-free rate—once a cornerstone of financial models—is no longer sacrosanct, forcing investors to rethink their assumptions.

Ideological Investors: Embracing Volatility and Belief

In contrast, "ideological investors" operate on the principle of sovereignty first, prioritizing belief systems over traditional valuation metrics. These investors recognize that external events—geopolitical changes, policy adjustments, or cultural movements—can dramatically alter asset valuations, often in ways that traditional models cannot predict. For example, the sudden imposition of tariffs on luxury goods discussed in the dialogue could upend an entire industry's valuation overnight, rendering Excel spreadsheets and algorithmic trading less relevant. Ideological investors thrive in a world filled with fat-tail risks, where volatility and uncertainty create opportunities for those with strong convictions.

This worldview is closely tied to three key perspectives: geopolitical, technological, and cultural. Geopolitically, the decline of the Washington Consensus and the rise of the Beijing Consensus, which emphasizes sovereignty over markets, mark a shift toward ideology-driven investment. Technologically, the emergence of artificial intelligence as an ideology—where high computational power becomes a currency—aligns with assets like Bitcoin that embody decentralization and anti-censorship principles. Culturally, the rise of religious faith during economic hardships indicates a growing desire for belonging and belief, driving a values-based investment movement where "value" transcends cheap stocks to encompass deeper convictions.

Ideological investors also benefit from the rise of retail investor communities. Once considered disorganized and inconsequential, retail investors now wield significant influence through platforms like Twitter, Reddit, and Substack. These communities can effectively coordinate, share complex analyses, and act as marketing teams for the companies they support. Unlike institutional investors, who prioritize financial metrics, retail investors often rally around ideological consistency, amplifying the influence of belief-driven leaders like Elon Musk or Palantir's Alex Karp. This shift highlights a key distinction: intelligent investors seek stability, while ideological investors embrace volatility, using belief to navigate a rapidly changing world.

Why This Framework is Crucial for Investors

Understanding the dichotomy between intelligent investors and ideological investors is essential for success in modern markets. While traditional methods remain effective for certain assets, they struggle to explain the growing influence of external shocks—whether tariffs, policy changes, or cultural movements. Investors clinging to outdated models risk missing opportunities, as a world increasingly driven by ideology and community sentiment sees chances slipping away. In contrast, those adopting an ideological investor mindset can capitalize on fat-tail events, aligning their portfolios with assets and leaders that embody strong beliefs.

For instance, companies led by leaders with clear, authentic visions—like Musk or Karp—tend to outperform those with "pie-in-the-sky" leaders who avoid taking a stand to appease all stakeholders. Retail investors, in particular, favor strong convictions, while companies lacking a clear ideological stance face penalties. This dynamic is evident in the starkly different trajectories of Palantir (whose stock has soared despite elusive cash flows) and Open Door (whose CEO's lack of conviction has drawn retail criticism). By recognizing these trends, investors can better assess which companies are prepared for a volatile, ideology-driven market, adjusting their position sizes and holding periods accordingly.

Moreover, the rise of retail investor communities has democratized market influence, creating opportunities for investors outside the traditional financial system. "Ideological investors" can navigate fat-tail risks and align with community-driven movements, enabling retail investors to compete with institutional investors and creating a level playing field that was unimaginable a decade ago. This framework not only enhances investment decision-making but also fosters a more inclusive, belief-driven approach to wealth creation.

Bitcoin Treasury Companies: A New Paradigm of Financial Innovation

The Concept of Bitcoin Treasury Companies

Bitcoin treasury companies are entities that hold Bitcoin as a strategic asset on their balance sheets, often integrating it into their financial and operational strategies. Unlike traditional companies that hold cash or securities, these companies view Bitcoin as a store of value and unit of account, leveraging its ideological and technological attributes to enhance shareholder value. This concept has gained attention through the promotion of companies like Michael Saylor's MicroStrategy, as institutions recognize Bitcoin's potential as a hedge against inflation and a symbol of decentralized sovereignty.

However, the true innovation lies not just in holding Bitcoin but in accumulating it on the balance sheet without raising additional capital. This method, known as treasury operations, involves using operational income to acquire Bitcoin, thereby increasing the company's per-share Bitcoin metrics. For example, Blue Cotton in Tennessee funds employee bonuses through Bitcoin mining, demonstrating how to align business with ideological goals.

Why Treasury Operations are Unique

The practice of accumulating Bitcoin on the balance sheet without external funding is groundbreaking for several reasons. First, it reduces reliance on costly financing, which often dilutes shareholder value. By using operational cash flow to purchase Bitcoin, companies can maintain financial discipline while fully capitalizing on Bitcoin's long-term appreciation potential. This strategy is particularly appealing in an era where traditional earnings-based models are waning, as it aligns with the "ideological investor's" focus on belief-driven assets.

Second, Bitcoin treasury operations create unique synergies between customers and shareholders. As Jeff Park points out, companies that combine their customer base with their shareholder base—especially those ideologically aligned with Bitcoin—can significantly lower customer acquisition costs, which is a major expense for most businesses. For instance, a Bitcoin financial company can leverage its ideological consistency to build a loyal customer base that also serves as its shareholder community, creating a virtuous cycle of engagement and value creation. This model reflects the ethos of cryptocurrency, where participants are both users and owners of the network, fostering a shared sense of purpose.

Third, Bitcoin's characteristics as an anti-censorship, decentralized asset make it an ideal choice for capital management in an ideology-driven world. Unlike traditional assets, Bitcoin is less affected by geopolitical tariffs or policy shocks, allowing it to hedge against the volatility unique to ideological investors. Its reliance on high computational power further aligns it with the technological ideology of artificial intelligence, positioning Bitcoin as the currency of the future.

Case Studies and Impact

Companies like MicroStrategy have set a precedent for Bitcoin treasury strategies by accumulating significant Bitcoin holdings to enhance shareholder value. However, smaller companies like Blue Cotton demonstrate the scalability of this model, indicating that businesses of all sizes can integrate Bitcoin into their operations. By mining Bitcoin or using profits to purchase Bitcoin, these companies not only strengthen their balance sheets but also signal ideological consistency to the growing community of Bitcoin supporters.

The implications of this model are profound. For investors, Bitcoin treasury companies represent a new asset class that combines financial innovation with ideological beliefs. These companies possess unique advantages in volatile markets, as they focus on Bitcoin, aligning with ideological investors' preference for assets that embody strong convictions. For society, the rise of Bitcoin treasury companies may democratize wealth creation, as retail investors and customers gain ownership of businesses that reflect their values.

Conclusion: Leading the Future with Ideology and Innovation

The differences between intelligent investors and ideological investors provide a powerful lens for understanding the evolving investment landscape. While the intelligent investor's reliance on predictable models may work in a stable dollar-dominated world, the rise of external shocks and ideological movements demands a new approach. Ideological investors focus on belief, community, and fat-tail risks, making them better suited to navigate this turbulent environment and capitalize on opportunities overlooked by traditional models.

Bitcoin treasury companies embody this new paradigm, merging financial innovation with ideological alignment. These companies demonstrate a unique ability to create value in an ideology-driven world by accumulating Bitcoin on their balance sheets without raising funds. They focus on lowering customer acquisition costs, fostering synergies between shareholders and customers, and leveraging Bitcoin's anti-censorship properties, positioning them as leaders in the next era of investment.

For investors, embracing this framework means rethinking traditional valuation metrics and prioritizing assets and leaders with strong convictions. By aligning portfolios with ideological trends and innovative financial strategies, investors can position themselves favorably in a rapidly changing market and achieve success. The future belongs to those who understand that value is not merely a number on a spreadsheet but a reflection of deeply rooted beliefs—an insight perfectly embodied by Bitcoin and the "ideological investor."

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