As U.S. President Trump's tariff policies continue to impact global supply chains, the Bitcoin mining industry is undergoing a profound transformation. The three major Bitcoin mining machine manufacturers—Bitmain, Canaan Creative, and MicroBT—are all from China, and they are actively establishing manufacturing bases in the United States to avoid tariff risks. Meanwhile, countries around the world are changing their views on Bitcoin (BTC) mining, shifting from initial concerns about energy consumption to seeing it as a new opportunity to address energy surplus and promote economic development.

1. Chinese Mining Giants Establish Factories in the U.S.: Strategic Shift Amid Tariff Wars

The three Chinese companies, Bitmain, Canaan Creative, and MicroBT, account for over 90% of the global mining machine market share and are key players in the upstream of the Bitcoin mining ecosystem. In response to the increasingly escalating U.S. tariff policies, they have chosen to set up production bases in the U.S. as a strategic move to cope with trade friction.

Bitmain began producing mining equipment in the U.S. as early as last December, shortly after Trump won the presidential election. Canaan Technology executive Leo Wang revealed to Reuters that the company has started trial production in the U.S. following Trump's announcement of "liberation day" tariffs, aiming to avoid tariffs. The third-ranked MicroBT also stated that it is "actively implementing a localization strategy in the U.S." to "avoid the impact of tariffs." This series of actions not only protects these companies from tariff impacts but may also exacerbate U.S. concerns about China in areas such as chip manufacturing and energy security.

2. Bitcoin Mining: From Energy Consumers to Energy Optimizers

For a long time, Bitcoin mining has been controversial due to its massive energy consumption. However, with technological advancements and a deeper understanding of energy management, countries around the world are changing their views on Bitcoin mining, seeing it as a potential solution to address energy surplus and optimize grid stability.

For example, Belarus has launched a study to utilize Bitcoin mining farms to absorb excess energy. Pakistan has reserved 2,000 megawatts of electricity for Bitcoin (BTC) and artificial intelligence (AI) data centers. Texas, which has a large amount of wind power, even views mining as a way to mitigate severe fluctuations in electricity supply. Researcher Daniel Barton pointed out that this controllable demand may be exactly what grids around the world need to handle green but unpredictable energy sources like wind and solar.

3. France's Innovative Practice: Incorporating Mining into National Energy Plans

France is a typical case of this transformation. Over 70% of the country's electricity comes from nuclear power plants, often generating more power than can be sold, leading to significant electricity waste. Energy researcher Raphael Bloch stated that France wasted electricity worth approximately 80 million euros in 2024.

Now, a group of French lawmakers has submitted Amendment No. 547 to the National Assembly, calling for Bitcoin mining to be included in the national energy plan. They believe that Bitcoin mining machines can be started and stopped within seconds, making them an ideal choice for absorbing sudden electricity surpluses. By establishing mining centers near power plants and even utilizing old industrial areas that have become idle due to factory closures, excess electricity can be effectively utilized while creating new job opportunities in struggling regions. Additionally, the heat generated by mining machines can be used for heating or industrial purposes, further improving energy efficiency.

4. Challenges and Prospects: Balancing Energy Use and Environmental Impact

Despite the significant potential of Bitcoin mining in energy optimization, critics still warn about its high electricity consumption. Although the French grid is largely low-carbon, it is not zero-carbon. Introducing too many mining machines could force authorities to extend the operation time of aging reactors or activate backup natural gas power plants during peak electricity usage, thereby undermining climate goals. Therefore, lawmakers must clearly limit mining capacity and tie operations to actual electricity surpluses to ensure sustainable development.

Conclusion:

The dual pressures of global trade wars and energy transitions are reshaping the global landscape of the Bitcoin mining industry. The decision of Chinese mining giants to establish factories in the U.S. is an inevitable choice in response to tariff challenges; meanwhile, the changing perceptions of Bitcoin mining in various countries reveal its potential value in energy management and economic development. In the future, how to optimize energy efficiency through Bitcoin mining while minimizing its environmental impact will be an important issue that countries around the world must face together.

Related: Bitcoin (BTC) production costs rise by 9% due to increased computing power and rising energy prices

Original article: “Global Mining Landscape Reshaped: Chinese Giants Establish Factories in the U.S., Countries Embrace New Opportunities in Bitcoin (BTC) Mining”

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