The landlord and imperial power have always been in a relationship of both cooperation and competition. The Qing Dynasty tested obedience through the practice of shaving heads, executed a group of rebellious elites through literary inquisition, and reduced the power of the scholar-officials using the Grand Council model (where power is less than that of the cabinet). The Eight Banners troops were stationed in various regions, and ultimately, private schools were abolished, hindering the spread of technology, effectively caging the power of the scholar-officials.

However, the problem with this complete system was that the combat effectiveness of the Eight Banners troops fell behind due to technological advancements. The Taiping Rebellion tore apart the empire's facade, leading to a resurgence of the scholar-officials' influence.

Zeng Guofan, a bloody butcher who harmed the common people and tortured Empress Dowager Cixi (in the case of the assassination of Ma), could still be revered as a sage, indicating that the power of the dynasty was already changing hands.

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