The Anshi Rebellion and Xiang Yu's uprising at the end of the Qin Dynasty are essentially the same principle; to put it simply, the new forces failed to subdue, dismantle, or assimilate the old forces.

The old forces (the six states and the prominent families of Hebei) did not benefit from the new order on one hand, and on the other hand, they maintained significant strength. Such individuals are bound to rebel at the appropriate time, and this rebellion is essentially a continuation of the previous wars.

After the Song Dynasty, out of fear of the military aristocracy and powerful families, Zhao Kuangyin relinquished military power over a cup of wine and adopted a policy of prioritizing civil over military affairs, "co-governing with the gentry." However, the gentry themselves did not hold military power, so this threat was much smaller than that posed by the aristocracy during the Han and Tang Dynasties.

But the powerful families are not foolish; lacking their own military, they colluded with external forces. For example, the gentry of the Ming Dynasty nurtured the Manchus and helped to overthrow the Zhu Ming. The Manchus were almost destroyed at the hands of the gentry; for instance, by the later period, the faction of Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang had already formed an "East-South Mutual Protection" alliance. The fact that Zeng Guofan dared to kill the governor sent by Empress Dowager Cixi to the southeast indicates that the southeast was no longer Manchu territory, merely maintaining a nominal connection with the Manchus. Zeng Guofan and his group lacked ambition and showed no interest in managing the north, which is very similar to the later situation with Chiang Kai-shek.

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