No matter how the world evolves, there has always been a class system. The elites make vigorous efforts to dominate, while the common people are responsible for farming and fighting, serving as ordinary soldiers and farmers. This has remained unchanged since ancient times.

Although Professor Longxia is Jewish, it is true that people are divided into classes.

During the Eastern Zhou period, the nobility was determined by bloodline, all belonging to the same family with the surname Ji. However, the Ji family members were the ones who truly made a difference. The original poor relatives of the Zhou royal family, the old Qin people, through generations of hard work, gained control of the Guanzhong and Sichuan basins, laying the foundation for future emperors.

In the Han Dynasty and beyond, prominent families and clans became the ruling class. The family of Zhuge Liang was known as the "agricultural and scholarly family," but his uncle was a governor, and the entire family had ties with the powerful families of Jingzhou, far from being poor.

During the Cao Wei period, the Sima family established a system of nine ranks and the central government, institutionalizing prominent families and clans as the ruling class. This system did not prove to be effective and was greatly challenged during the subsequent Northern and Southern Dynasties. For example, Liu Yu was a typical non-prominent family member who rose to power through military achievements.

Skipping over the details, during the Qing Dynasty, the ruling class had two main lines of descent. One was the Eight Banners system, which focused on military affairs, and the other was the continuation of the Ming Dynasty's technological system, aimed at attracting scholars into the ruling class. During the Qianlong period, the Ten Great Campaigns likely depleted the elite forces of the Eight Banners, and the Banner system became corrupt, causing the Qing Dynasty to lose its combat capability. Later, during the Guangxu Reforms, the imperial examination system was abolished, severing the connection with the landlord class. Within 10 years, the dynasty abdicated, perhaps not by mere coincidence.

The United States claims to have a democratic system, but in reality, there is a clear class distinction. Prominent families and clans use money (private schools costing $50,000 per year) and connections (a recommendation from a congressman is needed to enter West Point) to monopolize positions of power. However, there is still room for talented individuals from poor backgrounds (scholarships). With the rise of "dei" this year, this system has gradually encountered problems and is no longer able to select the best candidates. You might say, "Start a company?" In the end, it's all about connections. Do you think you can easily secure investment? Can Ma Yilong easily obtain a NASA contract? You can try it 😂

Similarly, at Tsinghua University, the party represents the elite class. But when there is a real issue, party members truly step up, whether it's flood relief or dealing with a pandemic.

As for India, the caste system has remained unchanged for thousands of years, making it rigid. Ultimately, an elite class formed through merit-based selection, replacing the rigid elite class based on blood ties, is what leads to progress.

Even in the field of blockchain, the situation is similar. Bitcoin Core represents the ruling class, and its dominance is strong. In the past, Chinese miners rebelled against Bitcoin Core using computing power and capital, but were defeated. Do you think they only relied on technology?

The existence of a ruling class is inevitable. The difference lies in two points: first, whether the ruling class is mobile and always represents advanced productive forces, and second, whether there is relatively fair internal distribution, creating cohesion rather than internal turmoil.

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