• Original Author: Nansen
• Compiled by: Odaily Planet Daily, Nan Zhi

Introduction

zkSync Era is currently one of the leading Rollups, providing a scalable general-purpose smart contract platform for users and developers. Since its launch in March 2023 (Era mainnet), user metrics, DApps, and integrations have grown exponentially. Today, zkSync has over $456 million in net flows and over 2.26 million unique users, all of whom are bridged solely through the Ethereum mainnet.

zkSync User Analysis

By examining the first time an address became active on Ethereum, we can better understand the wallet age on zkSync. Over 71% of wallets were created last year, indicating a significant number of new wallets interacting with zkSync.

In addition to address age, how is the value deposited into zkSync distributed?

The majority of funds entering zkSync Era from the mainnet are primarily wallets with amounts below $1,000. To measure activity over a period, we can observe the number of unique users over time.

Daily Unique Depositors

We visualize the data of daily and cumulative unique depositors, who use the native cross-chain bridge to cross from Ethereum to zkSync. This indicates a continuous increase in demand for new addresses since the establishment of zkSync. The number of new users peaked in May 2023 and has since been declining. However, as of March 13, 2024, the daily average of unique depositors still exceeds 8,280.

Cross-chain is a good metric, but let's see who is truly active on zkSync Era in 2024.

zkSync Activity Analysis

We visualized the active addresses on zkSync Era in 2024 and grouped them into four categories: new, old EOA addresses, and new, old contract addresses. Compared to the many new addresses joining zkSync, most of the activity is dominated by existing EOA addresses (Existing EOA).

(Note: Nansen indicates that existing EOA addresses can also be referred to as long-term active users.)

zkSync Whale Holdings and Activity

We calculated the token balances of the top 30 addresses as of March 14 in USD. We filtered the addresses based on the following criteria:

• Active in 2024;

• Average of 50 or fewer transactions per day (filtering out noisy addresses);

• Not belonging to entities on zkSync or the Ethereum mainnet;

• Not exchanges, contract addresses, MEV bots, or NFT volume traders.

Starting from January 1, 2024, the top 10 tokens held by these wallets in terms of USD amount are as follows.

In USD value, the top token is ETH, followed closely by ZKID, IDO, and KOI.

Below, we visualize the number of addresses holding specific tokens. We only count these 30 whale wallets, so if the address count is 10, 33% of the whales hold the given token. Not all addresses were active in 2023, so we see an increase in asset count up to today.

Unsurprisingly, all whale addresses hold ETH, followed by USDC, WETH, USDT, and wBTC. This indicates that the majority of whale assets tend towards mainstream and stable coins. However, over time, we see an increasing trend in zkSync native asset holdings.

Similar to general account activity, whale activity peaked at the end of February 2024. Their activity has remained fairly stable, with a daily average transaction volume exceeding 189 on zkSync Era in 2024.

Nansen's Conclusion

From 2023 to 2024, the zkSync Era has marked a strong evolution in user engagement and asset distribution. The platform has over 2.26 million unique users, primarily driven by newcomers, showing strong growth momentum. Activity on zkSync remains active and is supported by a large number of long-term users, especially EOA addresses.

Overall, the zkSync Era as an ecosystem has been experiencing rapid growth, characterized by an expanding user base, continued participation of existing participants, and a growing preference for tokens.

Summary

It is still uncertain whether zkSync will have an airdrop and when the snapshot will be taken. However, some evaluation criteria can be glimpsed from this report, including cross-chain amounts, single-day excessive activity, and address creation time. In addition, when zkSync officials retweeted this report, they left three questions, one of which involves a specific date, "What was the average cost of zkSync transactions on March 23, 2024?" This may hint at a related event.

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