Google's AP2 payment protocol is a significant move for Google, a traditional internet giant, in the AI Agents payment sector.

This undoubtedly indicates that traditional internet giants are beginning to realize the potential explosive growth in the AI + Crypto sector, confirming their optimism and emphasis on this field.

Many media outlets online have given high praise to this protocol, even considering it a major breakthrough and milestone in the AI Agents payment domain, believing that Google will become a leader in this area.

However, upon closer examination of this protocol, I believe its limitations are quite significant.

As I shared in yesterday's article, the key issue this protocol needs to address is ensuring and verifying that the actions executed by AI Agents originate from humans.

And this is precisely where I see its limitations.

Regarding the AI Agents economy, I previously shared the viewpoint that:

In the future world, the absolute number of AI Agents will far exceed that of humans, and the transactions occurring between AI Agents in the virtual world will certainly surpass those between humans and between humans and AI Agents in terms of frequency, quantity, and amount.

The Google AP2 protocol only covers transactions between humans and AI Agents, and it only addresses a certain aspect of these transactions. The overall scale of such transactions will never match that of transactions between AI Agents in the future.

The most suitable method for transactions between AI Agents is on-chain transactions based on blockchain technology. All actions and movements in these transactions can be naturally recorded and verified in real-time on the chain.

In fact, this scenario is already being realized now—this is exactly what the Virtual ACP protocol achieves.

We can casually examine the process of transactions between two or several AI Agents within an ACP protocol. In their transactions, the flow of information, funds, and all other details are clear and transparent. It can be said that the entire process is inherently self-evident through cryptographic technology.

Of course, at present, even the scenarios demonstrated by the ACP protocol still require humans to initiate actions; to some extent, it is still considered a transaction between humans and AI Agents. But I firmly believe that in the future, AI Agents will possess some degree of "self-awareness," and they will proactively initiate transactions and payments.

At that time, the AI Agents economy will reveal an astonishing scale.

Therefore, from this perspective, the Google AP2 protocol is important, but it is far from the grand vision that many media outlets promote.

Additionally, perhaps due to my "faith" in the history of technological development, I hardly believe that an old enterprise from a bygone era can become a disruptor and leader in a new ecosystem in the new era.

IBM was one of the dominant players in the minicomputer era, but it helplessly ceded its position to the newly grown Microsoft in the PC era.

Microsoft was the dominant player in the PC era, but it helplessly gave way to the newly grown Google in the internet era.

Google was the dominant player in the internet era, but it helplessly made way for the newly grown Twitter and Facebook in the mobile internet era.

Twitter and Facebook are the dominant players in the mobile internet era, but they will certainly give way to emerging forces that grow in the age of artificial intelligence.

In every past technological revolution, old players occasionally sprout new growth, leveraging their strong technological foundations to maintain a brief period of glory, but soon after, the new generation of forces will swiftly leave them behind.

I believe the current AI + Crypto era is no different; even focusing on the niche field of AI Agents payments, I think the largest players in the future are likely to be emerging forces, rather than Google or the current internet giants.

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